Laboratoire Octogone-ECCD, Université de Toulouse-C.U.F.R. Jean-François Champollion, EA 4156, Place de Verdun, 81012 Albi Cedex 9, France.
Behav Res Methods. 2012 Mar;44(1):67-80. doi: 10.3758/s13428-011-0135-3.
The aim of the present study was to determine the best and easiest method of suppressing spontaneous counting in a temporal judgment task. Three classic methods used to avoid counting--instructions not to count, articulatory suppression, and administration of an interference task--were tested in temporal generalization, bisection, and reproduction tasks with two duration ranges (1-4 and 2-8 s). All the three no-counting conditions prevented participants from counting, counting leading to estimates that were more accurate and less variable and to violations of the fundamental scalar property of timing. With regard to the differences between the no-counting conditions, the interference task distorted time perception more strongly and increased variability in temporal estimates to a greater extent than did articulatory suppression, as well as the no-counting instructions condition. In addition, articulatory suppression produced more noise in behavioral outcome than did the no-counting instruction condition. In sum, although all methods have disadvantages, the instructions not to count actually constitute the simplest and more efficient method of preventing counting in timing tasks. However, further studies must now concentrate on the role of explicit instructions in our experience of perception.
本研究旨在确定在时间判断任务中抑制自发计数的最佳和最简单方法。在时间泛化、二分法和再现任务中测试了三种用于避免计数的经典方法——不计数的指令、发音抑制和干扰任务的执行——时间范围为 1-4 秒和 2-8 秒。所有三种不计数条件都阻止了参与者计数，计数导致估计值更准确、更稳定，并且违反了计时的基本标度属性。关于不计数条件之间的差异，干扰任务比发音抑制以及不计数指令条件更强烈地扭曲了时间感知，并更大程度地增加了时间估计的可变性。此外，发音抑制比不计数指令条件在行为结果中产生更多的噪音。总之，尽管所有方法都有缺点，但不计数的指令实际上构成了在计时任务中防止计数的最简单和最有效的方法。然而，现在必须进行进一步的研究，集中探讨明确指令在我们的感知体验中的作用。
