Lecturer, School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, Jean McFarlane Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Nurs Inq. 2011 Sep;18(3):226-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1800.2011.00543.x. Epub 2011 Jul 10.
This article is a historical exploration of the work undertaken, by both nurses in training and qualified ward level nurses, on older adult wards of the National Health Service hospitals in England between 1955 and 1980. It focuses particularly on the personal care given to older patients, including pressure area care, the importance of meal times for the patients and the central role of the ward sister in the administration of food, and the training of the student nurses. These key practice themes will be examined in turn and related to the realities that the nurses faced in terms of the shortages of equipment, expertise, training, and also the low status accorded to the care of older people. It will be demonstrated that the care received by the elderly patients was often uncaring, routine and regimented. However, the blame for this treatment cannot be laid solely at the feet of the nurses themselves, but the system which conspired against them and their patients - a system, based on a prevailing attitude in which the older adult population was considered to be a 'burden', or the 'cuckoos in the nest of the acute general hospital' (Grimley Evans 1997, 1076). It is hoped that this article will contribute to the emerging and important area of the history of nursing work.
本文是对 1955 年至 1980 年间，英国国民保健署医院老年病房中，实习护士和合格病房级别护士所从事工作的历史探索。它特别关注对老年患者的个人护理，包括压疮护理、用餐时间对患者的重要性以及病房护士长在提供食物方面的核心作用，以及对实习护士的培训。这些关键实践主题将依次进行检查，并与护士在设备、专业知识、培训方面的短缺以及对老年人护理的低地位等方面面临的现实情况相关联。事实表明，老年患者所接受的护理往往是漠不关心、例行公事和严格划一的。然而，这种治疗不能仅仅归咎于护士本身，而是要归咎于与他们和他们的病人作对的制度——一个基于普遍态度的制度，即老年人群体被认为是“负担”，或者是“急性综合医院的寄居鸟”（格里姆利·埃文斯 1997，1076）。希望本文能为护理工作史这一新兴而重要的领域做出贡献。
