University of Manchester, UK.
Dev World Bioeth. 2012 Dec;12(3):113-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-8847.2011.00300.x. Epub 2011 Jul 25.
One of the characteristics of the relationship between the developed and developing worlds is the 'brain drain'- the phenomenon by which expertise moves towards richer countries, thereby condemning poorer countries to continued comparative and absolute poverty. It is tempting to see the phenomenon as a moral problem in its own right, such that there is a moral imperative to end it, that is separate from (and additional to) any moral imperative to relieve the burden of poverty. However, it is not clear why this should be so - why, that is, there is a moral reason to stem the flow of expertise in addition to seeking to improve welfare. In this paper, I examine three explanations of the putative moral aspect of the brain drain.
发达世界与发展中世界之间关系的特点之一是“人才流失”——即人才流向较富裕的国家，从而使较贫穷的国家继续处于相对和绝对贫困之中。人们很容易将这种现象视为一个独立的道德问题，认为有必要制止这种现象，这与减轻贫困负担的道德义务是分开的（而且是额外的）。然而，目前尚不清楚为什么会这样——也就是说，除了寻求改善福利之外，还有什么道德理由来阻止专业知识的流动。在本文中，我考察了人才流失所谓的道德方面的三种解释。
