Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Level 2, Clinical Research Centre, Block MD11, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
Resuscitation. 2011 Nov;82(11):1434-9. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2011.06.008. Epub 2011 Jul 26.
This article is a report of a study which developed and tested the validity and reliability of the RAPIDS-Tool to measure student nurses' simulation performance in assessing, managing and reporting of clinical deterioration.
The importance for nurses to recognize and respond to deteriorating patients has led educators to advocate for increasing use of simulation for developing this competency. However, there is a lack of evaluation tools to objectively evaluate nurses' simulation performance on clinical deterioration.
The study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1 began with development of items for the RAPIDS-Tool from the basis of a literature review and a panel of national experts' consensus. Phase 2 established the content validity of the RAPIDS-Tool by a panel of international experts and by undertaking a pilot test. Phase 3 involved testing the psychometric properties of the RAPIDS-Tool, on 30 video-recorded simulation performances, for construct validity, inter-rater reliability, and correlation between two scoring systems.
The process of development and validation produced a 42-item RAPIDS-Tool. Significant differences (t=15.48, p<0.001) in performance scores among participants with different levels of training supported the construct validity. The RAPIDS-Tool demonstrated a high inter-rater reliability (ICC=0.99) among the three raters and a high correlation between the global rating and checklist scores (r=0.94, p<0.001).
The RAPIDS-Tool provides a valid and reliable tool to evaluate nurses' simulation performances in clinical deterioration. This may prove useful for future studies that investigate outcomes of simulation training.
本文是一项研究报告，该研究旨在开发和测试 RAPIDS-Tool 的有效性和可靠性，以衡量护生在评估、管理和报告临床恶化方面的模拟表现。
护士识别和应对病情恶化患者的重要性促使教育工作者提倡增加使用模拟来培养这种能力。然而，缺乏评估工具来客观地评估护士在临床恶化方面的模拟表现。
该研究分三个阶段进行。第一阶段从文献回顾和国家专家小组的共识出发，为 RAPIDS-Tool 开发项目。第二阶段通过国际专家小组和试点测试确定 RAPIDS-Tool 的内容有效性。第三阶段涉及对 30 个视频记录的模拟表现进行 RAPIDS-Tool 的心理测量学特性测试，以验证结构有效性、评分者间信度和两种评分系统之间的相关性。
开发和验证过程产生了一个包含 42 个项目的 RAPIDS-Tool。具有不同培训水平的参与者在表现得分上存在显著差异（t=15.48，p<0.001），支持了结构有效性。RAPIDS-Tool 在三个评分者之间具有很高的评分者间信度（ICC=0.99），以及全球评分和清单评分之间的高度相关性（r=0.94，p<0.001）。
RAPIDS-Tool 提供了一种有效且可靠的工具，可用于评估护士在临床恶化方面的模拟表现。这可能对未来研究模拟培训的结果有用。
