膳食核桃通过抑制血管生成抑制小鼠结直肠癌生长。
Dietary walnuts inhibit colorectal cancer growth in mice by suppressing angiogenesis.
机构信息
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
出版信息
Nutrition. 2012 Jan;28(1):67-75. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.03.004. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
OBJECTIVE
Animal studies have demonstrated that dietary supplementation with flaxseed oil inhibits colorectal cancer growth. Recent data indicate that walnuts have strong antiproliferative properties against colon cancer cells in vitro but no previous study has assessed the effects of walnuts in vivo or performed a joint evaluation of flaxseed oil and walnuts. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of dietary walnuts on colorectal cancer in vivo and to comparatively evaluate their efficacy in relation to flaxseed oil.
METHODS
HT-29 human colon cancer cells were injected in 6-wk-old female nude mice. After a 1-wk acclimation period, mice (n = 48) were randomized to diets containing ∼19% of total energy from walnuts, flaxseed oil, or corn oil (control) and were subsequently studied for 25 d.
RESULTS
Tumor growth rate was significantly slower in walnut-fed and flaxseed-fed mice compared with corn oil-fed animals (P < 0.05) by 27% and 43%, respectively. Accordingly, final tumor weight was reduced by 33% and 44%, respectively (P < 0.05 versus control); the differences between walnut and flaxseed diets did not reach significance. We found no differences among groups in metabolic and hormonal profile, serum antioxidant capacity, or inflammation (P > 0.05). However, walnuts and flaxseed oil significantly reduced serum expression levels of angiogenesis factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (by 30% and 80%, respectively), and approximately doubled total necrotic areas despite smaller tumor sizes (P < 0.05 versus control). Dietary walnuts significantly decreased angiogenesis (CD34 staining; P = 0.017 versus control), whereas this effect did not reach significance in the flaxseed oil group (P = 0.454 versus control).
CONCLUSION
We conclude that walnuts in the diet inhibit colorectal cancer growth by suppressing angiogenesis. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings in humans and explore underlying mechanisms.
目的
动物研究表明，亚麻籽油的饮食补充可以抑制结直肠癌的生长。最近的数据表明，核桃对结肠癌细胞具有很强的抗增殖作用，但以前没有研究评估过核桃在体内的作用，也没有对亚麻籽油和核桃进行联合评估。本研究旨在研究饮食中核桃对结直肠癌的体内影响，并比较评估它们相对于亚麻籽油的疗效。
方法
将 HT-29 人结肠癌细胞注射到 6 周龄雌性裸鼠中。经过 1 周的适应期后，将小鼠（n=48）随机分为含约 19%总能量来自核桃、亚麻籽油或玉米油（对照）的饮食组，并随后研究 25 天。
结果
与玉米油喂养的动物相比，核桃喂养和亚麻籽油喂养的小鼠的肿瘤生长速度分别显著减慢了 27%和 43%（P<0.05）。因此，最终肿瘤重量分别降低了 33%和 44%（P<0.05 与对照相比）；核桃和亚麻籽油饮食之间的差异没有达到显著性。我们发现各组之间在代谢和激素谱、血清抗氧化能力或炎症方面没有差异（P>0.05）。然而，核桃和亚麻籽油显著降低了血清中血管生成因子的表达水平，包括血管内皮生长因子（分别降低了 30%和 80%），尽管肿瘤较小，但总坏死面积增加了约一倍（P<0.05 与对照相比）。饮食中的核桃显著减少了血管生成（CD34 染色；P=0.017 与对照相比），而亚麻籽油组的这种作用没有达到显著性（P=0.454 与对照相比）。
结论
我们得出结论，饮食中的核桃通过抑制血管生成抑制结直肠癌的生长。需要进一步的研究来证实我们在人类中的发现并探索潜在的机制。
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