Chemical Engineering Department, University of Vigo, ETS Ingenieros Industriales, Campus As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Sep 14;59(17):9443-7. doi: 10.1021/jf201807r. Epub 2011 Aug 9.
The utilization of biosurfactants for the bioremediation of contaminated soil is not yet well established, because of the high production cost of biosurfactants. Consequently, it is interesting to look for new biosurfactants that can be produced at a large scale, and it can be employed for the bioremediation of contaminated sites. In this work, biosurfactants from Lactobacillus pentosus growing in hemicellulosic sugars solutions, with a similar composition of sugars found in trimming vine shoot hydrolysates, were employed in the bioremediation of soil contaminated with octane. It was observed that the presence of biosurfactant from L. pentosus accelerated the biodegradation of octane in soil. After 15 days of treatment, biosurfactants from L. pentosus reduced the concentration of octane in the soil to 58.6 and 62.8%, for soil charged with 700 and 70,000 mg/kg of hydrocarbon, respectively, whereas after 30 days of treatment, 76% of octane in soil was biodegraded in both cases. In the absence of biosurfactant and after 15 days of incubation, only 1.2 and 24% of octane was biodegraded in soil charged with 700 and 70,000 mg/kg of octane, respectively. Thus, the use of biosurfactants from L. pentosus, as part of a well-designed bioremediation process, can provide mechanisms to mobilize the target contaminants from the soil surface to make them more available to the microbial population.
生物表面活性剂在污染土壤的生物修复中的应用尚未得到很好的确立，因为生物表面活性剂的生产成本很高。因此，寻找可以大规模生产且可用于污染场地生物修复的新型生物表面活性剂很有意义。在这项工作中，利用戊糖乳杆菌在半纤维素糖溶液中生长时产生的生物表面活性剂，这些糖的组成与修剪葡萄藤嫩枝水解物中的糖相似，用于修复被辛烷污染的土壤。结果表明，戊糖乳杆菌产生的生物表面活性剂加速了土壤中辛烷的生物降解。经过 15 天的处理，戊糖乳杆菌产生的生物表面活性剂将土壤中辛烷的浓度分别降低到 58.6%和 62.8%，土壤中烃类的含量分别为 700 和 70,000mg/kg，而在 30 天的处理后，两种情况下土壤中 76%的辛烷都被生物降解。在没有生物表面活性剂的情况下，经过 15 天的孵育，土壤中烃类的含量分别为 700 和 70,000mg/kg，只有 1.2%和 24%的辛烷被生物降解。因此，在精心设计的生物修复过程中使用戊糖乳杆菌产生的生物表面活性剂，可以提供将目标污染物从土壤表面动员起来的机制，使它们更容易被微生物种群利用。
