Butt Hans-Jürgen, Untch Maria B, Golriz Ali, Pihan Sascha A, Berger Rüdiger
Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany.
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2011 Jun;83(6 Pt 1):061604. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.83.061604. Epub 2011 Jun 27.
The Kelvin equation relates the vapor pressure of a volatile liquid to the curvature of the liquid surface. It describes phenomena such as capillary condensation, capillary adhesion, nucleation, and the adsorption of vapors into porous media. Here we propose an extension of the Kelvin equation, which takes into account changes of the vapor pressure due to electric fields. The presence of electric fields reduces the saturation vapor pressure and leads to field-induced condensation. Field-induced condensation can explain the presence of water bridges in scanning probe nanolithographic methods such as anodic oxidation.
开尔文方程将挥发性液体的蒸气压与液体表面的曲率联系起来。它描述了诸如毛细凝聚、毛细粘附、成核以及蒸汽在多孔介质中的吸附等现象。在此，我们提出了开尔文方程的一种扩展形式，该扩展形式考虑了电场导致的蒸气压变化。电场的存在会降低饱和蒸气压并导致场致凝聚。场致凝聚可以解释诸如阳极氧化等扫描探针纳米光刻方法中出现水桥的现象。
