Sarrel P M
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Obstet Gynecol. 1990 Apr;75(4 Suppl):26S-30S; discussion 31S-35S.
A majority of women experience some change in sexual function during the years immediately before and after the menopause. Common sexual complaints include loss of desire, decreased frequency of sexual activity, painful intercourse, diminished sexual responsiveness, and dysfunctions of the male partner. Sexual function is influenced by biologic and nonbiologic factors. Sexual arousal, including sensory perception, central and peripheral nerve discharge, peripheral blood flow, and the capacity to develop muscle tension, as well as sexual desire and frequency of sexual activity, can all be influenced by ovarian hormone levels. Sexual function is also influenced by the interplay of psychological, sociocultural, and interpersonal factors. Health care professionals can play an important role in the evaluation, education, counseling, and treatment of the menopausal woman.
大多数女性在绝经前后几年会经历性功能的某些变化。常见的性方面问题包括性欲减退、性活动频率降低、性交疼痛、性反应减弱以及男性伴侣性功能障碍。性功能受生物学和非生物学因素影响。性唤起，包括感官知觉、中枢和外周神经放电、外周血流以及产生肌肉张力的能力，还有性欲和性活动频率，都可能受卵巢激素水平影响。性功能还受到心理、社会文化和人际因素相互作用的影响。医护专业人员在绝经女性的评估、教育、咨询和治疗中可发挥重要作用。
