Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira, Research Department/Veterinary Virology, Mustialankatu, FI-00790, Helsinki, Finland.
Virus Res. 2011 Sep;160(1-2):326-32. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.07.005. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
Cases of contagious pustular stomatitis have been reported in Finnish reindeer for many years. Two species of the genus Parapoxvirus of the family Poxviridae have been identified as the causative agent of the disease; orf virus (ORFV) was found during the 1992-1993 epidemic and pseudocowpoxvirus (PCPV) was connected to the 1999-2000 epidemic. The genome of reindeer parapoxvirus from the latter outbreak, isolate F00.120R, was recently sequenced and confirmed as PCPV. The six gene deletion of the right terminus of the F00.120R genome, in comparison to ORFV, was investigated in an attempt to use it in differentiating viruses causing pustular stomatitis in reindeer. The present study describes discovery and analysis of genes 116-121 in reindeer PCPV and in an Italian field isolate of bovine PCPV. The results show that a 5431 bp sequence containing genes 116-121 was likely to have been deleted from the F00.120R genome between the 6th and 7th passage in cell culture, and that these genes are present in other isolates of reindeer and bovine PCPV isolated in Finland during the years 2005-2010. The data presented here extends our knowledge of the PCPV genome, confirming that it contains homologues of all known ORFV genes and further reinforces their close genetic relationship. The similarity between the EEV envelope and GM-CSF inhibitory factor genes from reindeer PCPV and ORFV isolates, Finnish sheep ORFV and cattle PCPV isolates indicate that these viruses have been circulating among Finnish reindeer, cattle and sheep over a long period of time.
多年来，芬兰驯鹿一直有传染性脓疱性皮炎病例报告。已鉴定出痘病毒科副痘病毒属的两种病毒为该病的病原体；在 1992-1993 年的流行期间发现了口疮病毒（ORFV），而伪牛痘病毒（PCPV）与 1999-2000 年的流行有关。最近对后者暴发的驯鹿副痘病毒分离株 F00.120R 的基因组进行了测序，并确认其为 PCPV。与 ORFV 相比，F00.120R 基因组右末端的六个基因缺失被认为可用于区分引起驯鹿脓疱性皮炎的病毒。本研究描述了在驯鹿 PCPV 和意大利田间分离的牛 PCPV 中发现和分析基因 116-121。结果表明，F00.120R 基因组在细胞培养中第 6 到第 7 次传代之间可能缺失了包含基因 116-121 的 5431 bp 序列，而这些基因存在于芬兰在 2005-2010 年间分离的其他驯鹿和牛 PCPV 分离株中。本研究扩展了我们对 PCPV 基因组的认识，证实其包含所有已知 ORFV 基因的同源物，并进一步加强了它们之间的密切遗传关系。来自驯鹿 PCPV 和 ORFV 分离株、芬兰绵羊 ORFV 和牛 PCPV 分离株的 EEV 包膜和 GM-CSF 抑制因子基因的相似性表明，这些病毒在芬兰驯鹿、牛和羊中已经长期流行。
