Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2012 Jun;82(3):296-309. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.06.004. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
Inconsistencies plague our understanding of the role of neutrophils in cancer and the literature provides evidence for a duality in neutrophil activity on the outcome of cancer. Here, the different effects of neutrophils during the multiple subprocesses of cancer development and progression are overviewed, in order to gain insight into the features of both antitumoral and protumoral tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN). Neutrophils can counteract the progression of malignancies through tumor cytotoxicity, tumor rejection and enhancement of antitumoral immune memory. These cells have recently been phenotypically denominated N1 neutrophils. Recent studies indicate that cytokines, such as TGF-β and IFN-β, are involved in directing neutrophil polarization by the tumor microenvironment. With the opposite polarity, N2 neutrophils may be detrimental for the host and beneficial for tumor growth, invasion and metastasis, e.g. through proteolysis of extracellullar matrix components, promotion of angiogenesis and mediation of immunosuppression.
中性粒细胞在癌症中的作用一直存在争议，文献资料也表明中性粒细胞的活性对癌症的结局具有双重影响。本文综述了中性粒细胞在癌症发生和发展的多个亚过程中的不同作用，以期深入了解抗肿瘤和促肿瘤肿瘤相关中性粒细胞（TAN）的特征。中性粒细胞可通过肿瘤细胞毒性、肿瘤排斥和增强抗肿瘤免疫记忆来抑制肿瘤的进展。这些细胞最近被表型定义为 N1 中性粒细胞。最近的研究表明，肿瘤微环境中的细胞因子，如 TGF-β 和 IFN-β，参与了中性粒细胞极化的过程。相反，N2 中性粒细胞可能对宿主有害，对肿瘤生长、侵袭和转移有益，例如通过降解细胞外基质成分、促进血管生成和介导免疫抑制。
