Bajracharya A, Agrawal A, Yam Br, Agrawal Cs, Lewis Owen
Department of Surgery, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2010 Jan;1(1):2-8. doi: 10.4103/0976-3147.63092.
Trauma is one of the common surgical emergencies presenting at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS), Nepal, a tertiary referral center catering to the needs of the population of Eastern Nepal and nearby districts of India.
The objective of this study is to analyze the magnitude, epidemiological, clinical profile and outcome of trauma at B P Koirala Institute of Health Sciences.
This descriptive case series study includes all patients with history of trauma coming to BPKIHS emergency and referred to the surgery department. We noted the detailed clinical history and examination, demographics, mechanism of injury, nature of injury, time of reporting in emergency, treatment offered (operative or non operative management) and analyzed details of operative procedure (i.e. laparotomy, thoracotomy, craniotomy etc.), average length of hospital stay, morbidity and outcome (according to Glasgow outcome scale). Collected data were analyzed using EpiInfo 2000 statistical software.
There were 1848 patients eligible to be included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 28.9 ± 19.3 years. Majority of the patients (38%) belonged to the age group of 21 - 40 years and the male to female ratio was 2.7:1. Most of the trauma victims were students (30%) followed by laborers (27%) and farmers (22%) respectively. The commonest causes of injury were fall from height (39%), road traffic accident (38%) and physical assault (18%); 78% of the patients were managed conservatively and 22% underwent operative management. Postoperative complications were seen in 18%. Wound infection 7.5%, neurological deficit including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otrorrhea was seen in 2.2% patients. Good recovery was seen in 84%, moderate disability in 5.2% patients and severe disability in 1.4% patients. The mortally was 6.3% and most of the deaths were related to traumatic brain injuries.
In Nepal, trauma-related injury contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality and is the third leading cause of death. There are very few studies on trauma from this country and hence this study will help in understanding the etiology and outcome particularly in the Eastern region of Nepal.
创伤是尼泊尔博卡拉·柯伊拉腊健康科学研究所（BPKIHS）常见的外科急症之一，该研究所是一家三级转诊中心，满足尼泊尔东部地区及印度周边地区人群的需求。
本研究旨在分析博卡拉·柯伊拉腊健康科学研究所创伤的严重程度、流行病学、临床特征及预后。
本描述性病例系列研究纳入了所有因创伤史前来BPKIHS急诊科并转诊至外科的患者。我们记录了详细的临床病史和检查、人口统计学信息、损伤机制、损伤性质、急诊报告时间、所提供的治疗（手术或非手术治疗），并分析了手术操作细节（即剖腹术、开胸术、开颅术等）、平均住院时间、发病率及预后（根据格拉斯哥预后量表）。使用EpiInfo 2000统计软件对收集的数据进行分析。
有1848例患者符合纳入本研究的条件。患者的平均年龄为28.9±19.3岁。大多数患者（38%）属于21 - 40岁年龄组，男女比例为2.7:1。大多数创伤受害者分别是学生（30%），其次是劳动者（27%）和农民（22%）。最常见的受伤原因是高处坠落（39%）、道路交通事故（38%）和人身攻击（18%）；78%的患者接受了保守治疗，22%接受了手术治疗。18%的患者出现了术后并发症。伤口感染占7.5%，2.2%的患者出现神经功能缺损，包括脑脊液漏。84%的患者恢复良好，5.2%的患者有中度残疾，1.4%的患者有重度残疾。死亡率为6.3%，大多数死亡与创伤性脑损伤有关。
在尼泊尔，创伤相关损伤对发病率和死亡率有显著影响，是第三大死亡原因。该国关于创伤的研究很少，因此本研究将有助于了解病因及预后，特别是在尼泊尔东部地区。
