Behmann M, Brandes I, Walter U
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Institut für Epidemiologie, Sozialmedizin und Gesundheitssystemforschung.
Gesundheitswesen. 2012 Jul;74(7):435-41. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1280847. Epub 2011 Jul 28.
On 1 October 2003 the 9th Medical Practice Act came into effect and implemented the teaching subjects "health economics, health-care system, public health" in the medical curriculum. The purpose of the study was to define the content of teaching.
Interviews were conducted with professors in charge of "health economics, health-care system, public health-at 36 German medical faculties. On the basis of the guidelines produced by the German association for social medicine and prevention (DGSMP), the course contents of the education programmes were evaluated in terms of relevance and integration into the lessons.
The response rate was 78% (28 questionnaires). Seminars and lectures are most commonly used. The subject is taught at the end of the study (8th-10th terms). The issue "public health" has the lowest time slice, "health-care system" and "health economics" dominate the education. "Financing the health-care system", "basic principles (health economics)" and "stakeholders in the health care system" were stated to be the most important and most frequently taught topics.
With the teaching of the subject, medical students become sensitised to efficiency and other topics beyond the natural sciences. The collaboration between physicians and other professionals promotes the ability to be critical in an economic and public health context. Implementing the subject students expand their knowledge of the health-care system thereby contributing to professionalism of the medical profession.
2003年10月1日，第九部《医疗执业法》生效，并在医学课程中实施了“卫生经济学、医疗保健系统、公共卫生”等教学科目。本研究的目的是确定教学内容。
对德国36所医学院负责“卫生经济学、医疗保健系统、公共卫生”的教授进行了访谈。根据德国社会医学与预防协会（DGSMP）制定的指导方针，从相关性和融入课程的角度对教育项目的课程内容进行了评估。
回复率为78%（28份问卷）。研讨会和讲座是最常用的教学方式。该科目在学习后期（第8 - 10学期）讲授。“公共卫生”部分的课时最少，“医疗保健系统”和“卫生经济学”在教学中占主导地位。“医疗保健系统的融资”“（卫生经济学）基本原则”和“医疗保健系统中的利益相关者”被认为是最重要且讲授最频繁的主题。
通过该科目的教学，医学生对效率及自然科学以外的其他主题有了更敏锐的认识。医生与其他专业人员之间的合作提升了在经济和公共卫生背景下进行批判性思考的能力。通过实施该科目，学生扩展了对医疗保健系统的知识，从而有助于提高医学专业的专业性。
