Kim Jihye, Jo Inho
Department of Food and Nutrition, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, South Korea.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2011 Aug;111(8):1141-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2011.05.001.
Dietary patterns are critical in the prevention and management of chronic diseases.
We examined the association between habitual dietary patterns and the risk of metabolic syndrome in South Korean adults.
The study sample was composed of 9,850 Korean adults (aged ≥19 years) who participated in the second and third Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Dietary data were assessed by the 24-hour recall method. Metabolic syndrome was defined by the joint of interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
Four dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis (white rice and kimchi pattern; meat and alcohol pattern; high fat, sweets, and coffee pattern; and grains, vegetables, and fish pattern). Each dietary pattern explained 8.6%, 6.7%, 5.7%, and 5.7% of the variation in food intakes, respectively. The meat and alcohol pattern was adversely associated with hypertriglyceridemia (P for trend 0.01) and elevated blood pressure (P for trend 0.01) after adjustments for potential risk factors of metabolic syndrome such as age, sex, body mass index, energy intake, alcohol intake, smoking status, and physical activity. In contrast, the grains, vegetables, and fish pattern was associated with lower risk of hypertriglyceridemia (P for trend 0.0002) and was also inversely associated with the risk of metabolic syndrome after adjusting for risk factors of the metabolic syndrome (P for trend 0.02).
Our study suggests that a specific Korean dietary pattern that includes grains, vegetables, and fish may be associated with lower risk of metabolic syndrome in South Korean adults.
饮食模式在慢性病的预防和管理中至关重要。
我们研究了韩国成年人习惯性饮食模式与代谢综合征风险之间的关联。
研究样本由9850名韩国成年人（年龄≥19岁）组成，他们参与了韩国第二次和第三次全国健康与营养检查调查。通过24小时回忆法评估饮食数据。代谢综合征由国际糖尿病联盟临时声明与美国心脏协会/美国国立心肺血液研究所联合定义。
使用因子分析得出四种饮食模式（白米饭和泡菜模式；肉类和酒精模式；高脂肪、甜食和咖啡模式；谷物、蔬菜和鱼类模式）。每种饮食模式分别解释了食物摄入量变化的8.6%、6.7%、5.7%和5.7%。在对代谢综合征的潜在风险因素（如年龄、性别、体重指数、能量摄入、酒精摄入、吸烟状况和身体活动）进行调整后，肉类和酒精模式与高甘油三酯血症（趋势P值为0.01）和血压升高（趋势P值为0.01）呈负相关。相比之下，谷物、蔬菜和鱼类模式与较低的高甘油三酯血症风险相关（趋势P值为0.0002），并且在对代谢综合征的风险因素进行调整后，也与代谢综合征风险呈负相关（趋势P值为0.02）。
我们的研究表明，一种包含谷物、蔬菜和鱼类的特定韩国饮食模式可能与韩国成年人较低的代谢综合征风险相关。
