Access to off-leash parks, street pattern and dog walking among adults.

We examined whether dog-walking among dog-owners correlated with street pattern and proximity to a park area designated for off-leash use. Dog-walking was associated with street pattern and with nearby off-leash areas, but these associations varied by the measure of dog-walking examined (participation versus frequency in a usual week). Interventions to increase dog-walking should be undertaken and evaluated. Demographic factors, urban design, and whether owners already walk their dogs should be taken into account in planning.