Department of Pediatrics, Goryeb Children's Hospital, Morristown Memorial Hospital, NJ 07962-1956, USA.
Am J Infect Control. 2012 Mar;40(2):118-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.03.027. Epub 2011 Jul 31.
Both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae have become significant causes of disease, both in health care and community settings.
All patients admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) currently had a rapid test for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) performed as per hospital guidelines. This study looked at risk factors for colonization.
Nasal swabs were tested for MRSA on all admissions to the PICU from May 2008 to September 2009 using polymerase chain reaction as per hospital guidelines. All patients enrolled were placed in either a MRSA-positive or a MRSA-negative group, which were compared with each other. Risk factors were assessed from a questionnaire and the resident history.
The prevalence of MRSA colonization in our study was 4.5%. Six hundred sixty-six patients were negative for MRSA, and 31 were positive. Patients in the MRSA colonization group were younger, more likely had family (household members) employed in medicine, and were more likely hospitalized or had undergone surgery within the previous 12 months. Prolonged neonatal intensive care unit stay (>1 week) was associated with MRSA colonization (P < .001).
The percentage of patients positive for MRSA admitted to a PICU is low. Recent exposure to the health care system, especially a stay in the neonatal intensive care unit, is associated with an increased risk of colonization.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和青霉素耐药肺炎链球菌均已成为医疗保健和社区环境中重要的致病原因。
根据医院指南，我们所有收入儿科重症监护病房（PICU）的患者均进行耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的快速检测。本研究旨在分析定植的危险因素。
根据医院指南，2008 年 5 月至 2009 年 9 月对所有收入 PICU 的患者进行鼻拭子 MRSA 检测，采用聚合酶链反应法。所有入组患者均分为 MRSA 阳性组或 MRSA 阴性组，然后对两组进行比较。危险因素通过问卷调查和患者病史评估。
在本研究中，MRSA 定植的发生率为 4.5%。666 例患者 MRSA 检测阴性，31 例阳性。MRSA 定植组的患者更年轻，其家庭成员（家庭成员）更有可能从事医疗工作，且更有可能在过去 12 个月内住院或接受过手术。新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）住院时间延长（>1 周）与 MRSA 定植相关（P<0.001）。
收入 PICU 的 MRSA 阳性患者比例较低。近期接触医疗系统，尤其是在新生儿重症监护病房住院，与定植风险增加相关。
