Wright J, Rang M
Division of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1990 Apr(253):12-9.
An animal model of chronic spasticity would be valuable. There has been little success at producing such a model, however, because there is no frequently occurring natural disease in animals and, after experimental injury, the animals tend to die or recover. Spasticity in animals or humans is one of the many manifestations of an upper motor neuron syndrome; there is no such thing as pure spasticity. Spasticity in animals and humans involves abnormal functions at many levels of the neurologic and muscular systems. Animal models of spasticity may not be directly applicable to human spasticity, because the animal brain is so different from the human brain. Genetically spastic mice are a homogeneous population that have an abnormally functioning neurotransmitter within the central nervous system. This model has been shown to develop abnormalities of muscle growth that ultimately lead to contracture. The spastic mouse shows some promise for investigation of the abnormalities of muscles and joints that occur in spastic humans.
慢性痉挛的动物模型将很有价值。然而，制作这样一个模型几乎没有成功过，因为动物中没有经常发生的自然疾病，而且在实验性损伤后，动物往往会死亡或恢复。动物或人类的痉挛是上运动神经元综合征的众多表现之一；不存在纯粹的痉挛这种情况。动物和人类的痉挛涉及神经和肌肉系统多个层面的异常功能。痉挛的动物模型可能无法直接应用于人类痉挛，因为动物大脑与人类大脑差异很大。基因性痉挛小鼠是一个同质群体，其中枢神经系统内有一种神经递质功能异常。已证明该模型会出现肌肉生长异常，最终导致挛缩。痉挛小鼠在研究痉挛人类中出现的肌肉和关节异常方面显示出一些前景。
