Nutrition Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2011 Jul;134(1):47-53.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: This study attempts to compare the pattern of growth of Indian children as assessed by weight for age, height for age and BMI for age with the WHO standards for growth (2006) and to explore the implications of differences in undernutrition rates in the 0-59 months of age group as assessed by these three indices.
From the National Family Health Survey-3 database, growth curves for height, weight and BMI for age in Indian preschool children were computed using LMS software and compared with the WHO (2006) standards. Using the WHO (2006) standards, trends in prevalence of undernutrition as assessed by height, weight and BMI for age in the 0-59 month age group were computed.
During the first three months there was no increase in underweight and stunting rates. There was progressive increase in underweight and stunting rates between 3-23 months of age. Low BMI for age and wasting rates were highest at birth.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: Poor growth is an adaptation to chronic low energy intake and stunting is a measure of cumulative impact of chronic energy deficiency on linear growth. It is important to prevent stunting because it is not readily reversible. Low BMI is an indictor of current energy deficit. Early detection of energy deficit using BMI for age and expeditious interventions to correct the deficit might be effective in prevention of stunting.
本研究旨在比较体重与年龄、身高与年龄和 BMI 与年龄的增长模式，评估印度儿童的生长情况，以 WHO 2006 年生长标准为参照，并探索这三个指数评估的 0-59 月龄儿童营养不足率差异的意义。
从国家家庭健康调查-3 数据库中，使用 LMS 软件计算了印度学龄前儿童的身高、体重和 BMI 与年龄的增长曲线，并与 WHO（2006）标准进行了比较。利用 WHO（2006）标准，计算了 0-59 月龄儿童按身高、体重和 BMI 评估的营养不足患病率的变化趋势。
在前三个月，体重不足和发育迟缓的发生率没有增加。在 3-23 个月之间，体重不足和发育迟缓的发生率呈逐渐增加趋势。出生时 BMI 较低和消瘦的发生率最高。
生长不良是对慢性低能量摄入的一种适应，而发育迟缓是衡量慢性能量缺乏对线性生长的累积影响的一个指标。预防发育迟缓很重要，因为它不容易逆转。BMI 较低是当前能量不足的指标。使用 BMI 评估年龄及早发现能量不足，并及时采取干预措施纠正不足，可能有助于预防发育迟缓。
