Weiss R, Hardy L M
Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC 20418.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1990 Feb;58(1):70-6. doi: 10.1037/h0092559.
The epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has given an urgency to health policy dilemmas that have long been brewing. By exacerbating long-standing problems, the epidemic has surpassed what we find tolerable and has pressured politicians and health officials to find solutions. Whether the approaches they take will substantially contribute to solving the underlying problems is unclear. Many persons engaged in health policy believe that in responding to the AIDS crisis we may be defining our society for future historians. Judgement may be passed on how compassionately we care for those who are sick, how effectively we choose our public health measures, and how creatively we apply our scientific knowledge. This paper addresses six challenges that face policymakers: (a) protecting people from discrimination, (b) designing testing and screening programs, (c) developing safe and effective antiviral drugs, (d) planning for future vaccine trials, (e) organizing and delivering health care to sufferers of HIV infection, and (f) financing such health care.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的流行使得长期以来不断酝酿的卫生政策困境变得刻不容缓。通过加剧长期存在的问题，这场流行病已经超出了我们所能容忍的范围，并迫使政治家和卫生官员寻求解决方案。他们采取的方法是否会对解决根本问题有实质性帮助尚不清楚。许多从事卫生政策工作的人认为，在应对艾滋病危机的过程中，我们可能正在为未来的历史学家定义我们的社会。人们可能会评判我们照顾病人的同情心如何、选择公共卫生措施的有效性如何，以及应用科学知识的创造力如何。本文论述了政策制定者面临的六个挑战：（a）保护人们免受歧视；（b）设计检测和筛查项目；（c）研发安全有效的抗病毒药物；（d）规划未来的疫苗试验；（e）为HIV感染者组织和提供医疗保健服务；（f）为此类医疗保健服务提供资金。
