Yang Kun, Deng Xi, Li Xue-Ling, Wen Ping
Institute of Pearl River Water Resources Protection, Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou 510611, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2011 May;22(5):1359-67.
Hydroelectric cascade exploitation, one of the major ways for exploiting water resources and developing hydropower, not only satisfies the needs of various national economic sectors, but also promotes the socio-economic sustainable development of river basin. unavoidable anthropogenic impacts on the entire basin ecosystem. Based on the process of hydroelectric cascade exploitation and the ecological characteristics of river basins, this paper reviewed the major impacts of hydroelectric cascade exploitation on dam-area ecosystems, river reservoirs micro-climate, riparian ecosystems, river aquatic ecosystems, wetlands, and river landscapes. Some prospects for future research were offered, e.g., strengthening the research of chain reactions and cumulative effects of ecological factors affected by hydroelectric cascade exploitation, intensifying the study of positive and negative ecological effects under the dam networks and their joint operations, and improving the research of successional development and stability of basin ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales.
水电梯级开发是水资源开发和水电发展的主要方式之一，不仅满足了国民经济各部门的需求，还促进了流域社会经济的可持续发展。但不可避免地会对整个流域生态系统产生人为影响。基于水电梯级开发过程和流域生态特征，本文综述了水电梯级开发对坝区生态系统、河流水库小气候、河岸生态系统、河流水生生态系统、湿地及河流景观的主要影响。并对未来研究提出了一些展望，如加强水电梯级开发影响下生态因子连锁反应及累积效应的研究，强化坝群及其联合调度下正负生态效应的研究，完善不同时空尺度下流域生态系统演替发展及稳定性的研究等。
