Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, USA.
Behav Sci Law. 2011 Sep-Oct;29(5):741-51. doi: 10.1002/bsl.997. Epub 2011 Aug 3.
This study examined clinical syndromes, personality disorders, and neurocognitive problems in adult male (n = 523) and female inmates (n = 523) and a sample of unincarcerated adult women (n = 523). Inmates were administered the Coolidge Correctional Inventory (CCI), and the unincarcerated sample was given an identical test, the Coolidge Axis II Inventory. Although there were significant differences between the two inmate groups on a majority of the 32 CCI scales, only two scales achieved a medium effect size. The two inmate groups were found to be highly similar in a comparison of ranked personality disorder prevalence rates. Consistent with previous literature, male inmates had a significantly higher prevalence of antisocial personality disorder than female inmates (24% vs. 18%). Female inmates had double the prevalence of male inmates on the borderline and histrionic personality disorder scales. Female inmates also reported significantly more general neuropsychological dysfunction, specifically memory problems and neurosomatic symptoms, than male inmates. Female inmates also reported significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression, symptoms of schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and depersonalization than male inmates. Overall, the findings support previous research of high levels of psychological and neuropsychological problems in inmates, regardless of gender, and reinforces the need for comprehensive mental health screening of offender populations.
本研究调查了成年男性（n=523）和女性囚犯（n=523）以及一组未被监禁的成年女性（n=523）的临床综合征、人格障碍和神经认知问题。囚犯接受了 Coolidge 矫正清单（CCI）的评估，未被监禁的样本接受了相同的测试，即 Coolidge 轴 II 清单。尽管两个囚犯群体在 32 个 CCI 量表中的大多数量表上存在显著差异，但只有两个量表达到了中等效应大小。在对人格障碍患病率进行的排名比较中，发现这两个囚犯群体非常相似。与之前的文献一致，男性囚犯患反社会人格障碍的比例明显高于女性囚犯（24%比 18%）。女性囚犯在边缘型和表演型人格障碍量表上的患病率是男性囚犯的两倍。女性囚犯还报告了明显更多的一般神经心理功能障碍，特别是记忆问题和神经躯体症状，比男性囚犯更严重。女性囚犯还报告了明显更高水平的焦虑、抑郁、精神分裂症症状、创伤后应激障碍、注意缺陷多动障碍和人格解体，比男性囚犯更严重。总体而言，这些发现支持了先前关于囚犯存在高水平心理和神经心理问题的研究，无论性别如何，这也强化了对罪犯群体进行全面心理健康筛查的必要性。
