Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Group, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2011 Aug;14(4):449-57. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.07.013. Epub 2011 Aug 2.
Despite the critical importance of viruses in shaping marine microbial ecosystems and lubricating upper ocean biogeochemical cycles, relatively little is known about the molecular mechanisms mediating phytoplankton host-virus interactions. Recent work in algal host-virus systems has begun to shed novel insight into the elegant strategies of viral infection and subcellular regulation of cell fate, which not only reveal tantalizing aspects of viral replication and host resistance strategies but also provide new diagnostic tools toward elucidating the impact of virus-mediated processes in the ocean. Widespread lateral gene transfer between viruses and their hosts plays a prominent role in host-virus diversification and in the regulation of host-virus infection mechanisms by allowing viruses to manipulate and 'rewire' host metabolic pathways to facilitate infection.
尽管病毒在塑造海洋微生物生态系统和润滑海洋上层生物地球化学循环方面具有至关重要的作用，但人们对介导浮游植物宿主-病毒相互作用的分子机制知之甚少。藻类宿主-病毒系统的最新研究开始揭示病毒感染和细胞命运的亚细胞调控的新颖策略，这些策略不仅揭示了病毒复制和宿主抵抗策略的诱人方面，还为阐明病毒介导过程对海洋的影响提供了新的诊断工具。病毒与其宿主之间广泛的水平基因转移在宿主-病毒多样化以及调节宿主-病毒感染机制方面发挥着重要作用，因为它使病毒能够操纵和“重新布线”宿主代谢途径以促进感染。
