Corruccini R S
Department of Anthropology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1990 Apr;97(4):349-57. doi: 10.1016/0889-5406(90)70107-N.
In 1954, P.R. Begg analyzed interproximal attrition as a prehistorically universal mechanism to reduce tooth size. With modern processed diets and the virtual disappearance of constant interproximal attrition, Begg asserted, teeth remain too large for the arches and become crowded. Later investigators have questioned Begg's estimate of attritional tooth-size reduction, as well as aspects of his theory relating the succession sequence of permanent teeth to different malocclusions. The present paper examines the theory using longitudinal casts and records of modern Australian aborigines who are among the first generation lacking notable interproximal attrition thanks to a "modernized" diet. Deciduous and permanent tooth size, arch size, and occlusal relational variables were analyzed with respect to the expected occlusal outcomes in the absence of attritional tooth reduction. Permanent incisor overjet correlated with crowding status, as predicted by Begg. On the other hand, longer teeth did not relate to crowding in general nor to crowding in relevant local areas or during developmental stages. Unfavorable leeway space did not relate clearly to crowding or other malocclusions. Lowered correlations among structures and narrowness of the maxilla related more significantly to malocclusion. These results are in keeping with recent thinking that small jaws rather than large teeth underlie tooth/arch discrepancy.
1954年，P.R. 贝格将邻面磨损分析为一种史前普遍存在的减小牙齿大小的机制。贝格断言，随着现代加工饮食的出现以及持续邻面磨损的几乎消失，牙齿对于牙弓来说仍然过大，从而导致牙齿拥挤。后来的研究者对贝格关于磨损导致牙齿大小减小的估计以及他将恒牙萌出顺序与不同错牙合畸形相关联的理论的各个方面提出了质疑。本文利用纵向模型以及现代澳大利亚原住民的记录来检验这一理论，这些原住民是第一代由于“现代化”饮食而缺乏明显邻面磨损的人群。针对在没有磨损导致牙齿减小的情况下预期的咬合结果，分析了乳牙和恒牙的大小、牙弓大小以及咬合关系变量。正如贝格所预测的，恒牙前牙覆盖与拥挤状况相关。另一方面，一般来说，较长的牙齿与拥挤无关，与相关局部区域或发育阶段的拥挤也无关。不利的替牙间隙与拥挤或其他错牙合畸形没有明显关联。结构之间较低的相关性以及上颌骨狭窄与错牙合畸形的关系更为显著。这些结果与最近的观点一致，即牙弓与牙齿大小不匹配的根本原因是颌骨小而不是牙齿大。
