Animal Science Department, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Québec, Canada.
J Anim Sci. 2011 Dec;89(12):4100-8. doi: 10.2527/jas.2011-4045. Epub 2011 Aug 5.
An experiment was conducted to compare a commercial corn-soybean meal diet with a pearl millet diet containing less soybean meal (-27%), alone or in combination with exogenous enzymes, on growth performance, jejunal villus development, ileal CP, and AA digestibility, and cecal microbial populations in broilers. One hundred sixty 1-d-old male Ross 508 broilers (5/cage) were randomly allocated to one of the following dietary treatments: 1) a standard corn-soybean meal control diet (CTL); 2) a pearl millet-soybean meal diet (PM); 3) CTL + exogenous enzymes (CE); and 4) PM + exogenous enzymes (PE) with 8 replicate cages/treatment. The PM and PE diets contained less soybean meal because of greater CP and AA contents of pearl millet. All diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Body weight and feed intake were recorded weekly over 35 d. At d 21 and 35, 8 broilers per treatment were euthanized for sample collection and analyses. Gain-to-feed was greater (P < 0.01) for pearl millet- than corn-based diets. Apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of CP and most AA was similar between corn-based and pearl millet-based diets, and enzyme supplementation improved AID of CP (P < 0.01) and most AA at both d 21 and 35. However, for AID of some AA at d 21, the response to enzyme supplementation was less pronounced in broilers fed pearl millet-based diets than those fed corn-based diets (grain × enzyme, P ≤ 0.05). The villus was longer (P < 0.01) in broilers fed PM and PE than CTL and CE at d 35. Similarly, at d 35, lactobacilli loads were greater (P < 0.01) in broilers fed PM and PE than CTL and CE. It is concluded that, in comparison with corn, broiler diets formulated with pearl millet require less soybean meal and can be used to improve growth performance traits, intestinal lactobacilli populations, and villus development, whereas enzyme supplementation increases AID of CP and AA.
进行了一项实验，以比较商业玉米-豆粕日粮与含有较少豆粕的珍珠 millet 日粮（-27%），单独或与外源酶结合，对生长性能、空肠绒毛发育、回肠 CP 和 AA 消化率以及肉鸡盲肠微生物群的影响。160 只 1 日龄雄性 Ross 508 肉鸡（每笼 5 只）随机分配到以下日粮处理之一：1）标准玉米-豆粕对照日粮（CTL）；2）珍珠 millet-豆粕日粮（PM）；3）CTL+外源酶（CE）；4）PM+外源酶（PE），每个处理有 8 个重复笼。PM 和 PE 日粮中由于珍珠 millet 的 CP 和 AA 含量较高，因此豆粕含量较低。所有日粮均为等氮和等能。在 35 天内每周记录体重和采食量。在第 21 天和第 35 天，每个处理 8 只肉鸡安乐死用于取样和分析。与玉米基日粮相比，珍珠 millet 基日粮的增重/采食量更高（P < 0.01）。CP 和大多数 AA 的表观回肠消化率（AID）在玉米基和珍珠 millet 基日粮之间相似，酶补充剂提高了 CP（P < 0.01）和大多数 AA 在第 21 天和第 35 天的 AID。然而，对于第 21 天一些 AA 的 AID，与玉米基日粮相比，在珍珠 millet 基日粮中添加酶对 AID 的反应不那么明显（谷物×酶，P ≤ 0.05）。在第 35 天，与 CTL 和 CE 相比，饲喂 PM 和 PE 的肉鸡的绒毛更长（P < 0.01）。同样，在第 35 天，饲喂 PM 和 PE 的肉鸡的乳杆菌负荷更大（P < 0.01）与 CTL 和 CE 相比。因此，与玉米相比，用珍珠 millet 配制的肉鸡日粮需要较少的豆粕，可用于改善生长性能、肠道乳杆菌种群和绒毛发育，而添加酶可提高 CP 和 AA 的 AID。
