Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
J Couns Psychol. 2011 Oct;58(4):494-507. doi: 10.1037/a0024633.
Multiracial Americans represent a rapidly growing population (Shih & Sanchez, 2009); however, very little is known about the types of challenges and resilience experienced by these individuals. To date, few psychological measures have been created specifically to investigate the experiences of multiracial people. This article describes 2 studies focused on the development and psychometric properties of the Multiracial Challenges and Resilience Scale (MCRS). The MCRS was developed using a nationwide Internet sample of urban, multiracial adults. Exploratory factor analyses revealed 4 Challenge factors (Others' Surprise and Disbelief Regarding Racial Heritage, Lack of Family Acceptance, Multiracial Discrimination, and Challenges With Racial Identity) and 2 Resilience factors (Appreciation of Human Differences and Multiracial Pride). A confirmatory factor analysis with data from a second sample provided support for the stability of this factor structure. The reliability and validity of the measure, implications of these findings, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
多族裔美国人代表着一个快速增长的群体（Shih & Sanchez，2009）；然而，对于这些人所经历的挑战和适应能力的类型，我们知之甚少。迄今为止，很少有心理测量工具是专门为研究多种族人群的经历而创建的。本文描述了两项专注于多族裔挑战和适应能力量表（MCRS）的开发和心理测量特性的研究。MCRS 是使用全国性的城市多族裔成年人互联网样本开发的。探索性因素分析揭示了 4 个挑战因素（他人对种族背景的惊讶和怀疑、缺乏家庭接纳、多种族歧视和种族认同挑战）和 2 个适应能力因素（对人类差异的欣赏和多种族自豪感）。第二个样本的数据进行的验证性因素分析为该因素结构的稳定性提供了支持。该测量的信度和效度、这些发现的意义以及对未来研究的建议进行了讨论。
