Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Sep 15;45(18):7862-7. doi: 10.1021/es201313x. Epub 2011 Aug 25.
Recent solar disinfection (SODIS) studies in Bolivia and South Africa have reported compliance rates below 35% resulting in no overall statistically significant benefit associated with disease rates. In this study, we report the results of a 1 year randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of SODIS of drinking water on the incidence of dysentery and nondysentery diarrhea among children of age 6 months to 5 years living in rural communities in Cambodia. We compared 426 children in 375 households using SODIS with 502 children in 407 households with no intervention. Study compliance was greater than 90% with only 5% of children having less than 10 months of follow-up and 2.3% having less than 6 months. Adjusted for water source type, children in the SODIS group had a reduced incidence of dysentery, with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 0.50 (95% CI 0.27-0.93, p = 0.029). SODIS also had a protective effect against nondysentery diarrhea, with an IRR of 0.37 (95% CI 0.29-0.48, p < 0.001). This study suggests strongly that SODIS is an effective and culturally acceptable point-of-use water treatment method in the culture of rural Cambodia and may be of benefit among similar communities in neighboring South East Asian countries.
最近在玻利维亚和南非进行的太阳消毒（SODIS）研究报告称，遵守率低于 35%，因此与疾病率相关的总体无统计学显著益处。在这项研究中，我们报告了一项为期 1 年的随机对照试验的结果，该试验调查了 SODIS 处理饮用水对生活在柬埔寨农村社区的 6 个月至 5 岁儿童的痢疾和非痢疾腹泻发病率的影响。我们比较了使用 SODIS 的 375 户家庭中的 426 名儿童和没有干预的 407 户家庭中的 502 名儿童。研究依从性大于 90%，只有 5%的儿童随访时间少于 10 个月，2.3%的儿童随访时间少于 6 个月。调整水源类型后，SODIS 组儿童痢疾发病率降低，发病率比（IRR）为 0.50（95%CI 0.27-0.93，p = 0.029）。SODIS 对非痢疾性腹泻也有保护作用，IRR 为 0.37（95%CI 0.29-0.48，p<0.001）。这项研究强烈表明，SODIS 是柬埔寨农村文化中一种有效且可接受的现场用水处理方法，可能对东南亚邻国的类似社区也有益处。
