Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2011 Oct;45(5):897-905. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102011005000054. Epub 2011 Aug 5.
To describe socioeconomic inequalities regarding the use, expenditures and the income committed to the purchase of medicines.
A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out with 1,720 adults living in the urban area of Florianópolis, Southern Brazil, in 2009. Cluster sampling was adopted and census tracts were the primary sampling units. Use of medicines and the expenditures incurred in their purchase in the past 30 days were investigated through interviews. Use, expenditures and the income committed concerning medicines were analyzed according to per capita family income, self-reported skin color, age and sex, adjusting for the complex sample.
The prevalence of medicine use was 76.5% (95%CI: 73.8; 79.3), higher among women and in older individuals. The mean expenditure on medicine was R$ 46.70, with higher values among women, whites, older individuals and among richer people. While 3.1% of the richest committed more than 15% of their income to purchasing medicine, that figure reached 9.6% in the poorest group. The proportion of people that had to buy medicines after an unsuccessful attempt to obtain them in the public health system was higher among the poor (11.0%), women (10.2%) and the elderly (11.1%). A large part of the adults bought medicines contained in the National List of Essential Medicines (19.9%) or in the Municipal List of Essential Medicines (28.6%), with significant differences according to gender, age and income.
There is socioeconomic, age and gender inequality in the income committed to the purchase of medicines, with worse conditions for the poor, older individuals and women.
描述与药品使用、支出以及用于购买药品的收入相关的社会经济不平等情况。
2009 年，在巴西南部弗洛里亚诺波利斯市城区进行了一项基于人群的横断面研究。采用了聚类抽样，以普查区作为初级抽样单位。通过访谈调查了过去 30 天内成年人的药品使用情况以及购药支出。根据人均家庭收入、自我报告的肤色、年龄和性别，对药品使用、支出和用于购买药品的收入进行分析，并对复杂样本进行了调整。
药品使用率为 76.5%（95%CI：73.8；79.3），女性和年龄较大的人群使用率更高。药品支出的平均值为 46.70 雷亚尔，女性、白人、年龄较大的人群和较为富裕的人群支出较高。最富裕的 3.1%的人用于购买药品的支出超过了其收入的 15%，而最贫穷的人群中这一比例达到了 9.6%。在公共卫生系统未能成功获得药品后转而购买的人群中，穷人（11.0%）、女性（10.2%）和老年人（11.1%）的比例较高。很大一部分成年人购买的药品包含在国家基本药物清单（19.9%）或市基本药物清单（28.6%）中，性别、年龄和收入存在显著差异。
在用于购买药品的支出方面存在社会经济、年龄和性别不平等，穷人、年龄较大的人群和女性的情况更差。
