dos Santos Paulo Sérgio P, Nunes Newton, de Souza Almir P, de Rezende Márlis L, Nishimori Celina T D, de Paula Danielli P, Ferro Lopes Patrícia C
Department of Clinical Surgery and Animal Reproduction, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2011 Sep;38(5):467-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00644.x.
To evaluate the effects of butorphanol on cardiopulmonary parameters in dogs anesthetized with desflurane and breathing spontaneously.
Prospective, randomized experimental trial.
Twenty dogs weighing 12 ± 3 kg.
Animals were distributed into two groups: a control group (CG) and butorphanol group (BG). Propofol was used for induction and anesthesia was maintained with desflurane (10%). Forty minutes after induction, the dogs in the CG received sodium chloride 0.9% (0.05 mL kg(-1) IM), and dogs in the BG received butorphanol (0.4 mg kg(-1) IM). The first measurements of body temperature (BT), heart rate (HR), arterial pressures (AP), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), central venous pressure (CVP), stroke volume index (SVI), pulmonary arterial occlusion pressure (PAOP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), left ventricular stroke work (LVSW), systemic (SVR) and pulmonary (PVR) vascular resistances, respiratory rate (f(R) ), and arterial oxygen (PaO(2) ) and carbon dioxide (PaCO(2) ) partial pressures were taken immediately before the administration of butorphanol or sodium chloride solution (T0) and then at 15-minute intervals (T15-T75).
In the BG, HR, AP, mPAP and SVR decreased significantly from T15 to T75 compared to baseline. f(R) was lower at T30 than at T0 in the BG. AP and f(R) were significantly lower than in the CG from T15 to T75. PVR was lower in the BG than in the CG at T30, while PaCO(2) was higher compared with T0 from T30 to T75 in the BG and significantly higher than in the CG at T30 to T75.
At the studied dose, butorphanol caused hypotension and decreased ventilation during desflurane anesthesia in dogs. The hypotension (from 86 ± 10 to 64 ± 10 mmHg) is clinically relevant, despite the maintenance of cardiac index.
评估布托啡诺对七氟醚麻醉下自主呼吸犬心肺参数的影响。
前瞻性随机试验。
20只体重12±3千克的犬。
动物分为两组：对照组（CG）和布托啡诺组（BG）。采用丙泊酚诱导麻醉，并用七氟醚（10%）维持麻醉。诱导40分钟后，CG组犬肌肉注射0.9%氯化钠溶液（0.05 mL/kg），BG组犬肌肉注射布托啡诺（0.4 mg/kg）。在注射布托啡诺或氯化钠溶液前即刻（T0）测量体温（BT）、心率（HR）、动脉压（AP）、心输出量（CO）、心脏指数（CI）、中心静脉压（CVP）、每搏量指数（SVI）、肺动脉闭塞压（PAOP）、平均肺动脉压（mPAP）、左心室每搏功（LVSW）、体循环（SVR）和肺循环（PVR）血管阻力、呼吸频率（f(R)）以及动脉血氧（PaO₂）和二氧化碳（PaCO₂）分压，随后每隔15分钟（T15 - T75）测量一次。
与基线相比，BG组从T15至T75时HR、AP、mPAP和SVR显著降低。BG组T30时的f(R)低于T0时。从T15至T75，BG组的AP和f(R)显著低于CG组。BG组T30时的PVR低于CG组，而BG组从T30至T75时的PaCO₂高于T0时，且T30至T75时显著高于CG组。
在所研究的剂量下，布托啡诺可导致犬七氟醚麻醉期间出现低血压并降低通气。尽管维持了心脏指数，但低血压（从86±10降至64±10 mmHg）具有临床相关性。
