Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
Nat Rev Cancer. 2011 Aug 11;11(9):671-7. doi: 10.1038/nrc3110.
Although cancer is a diverse set of diseases, cancer cells share a number of adaptive hallmarks. Dysregulated pH is emerging as a hallmark of cancer because cancers show a 'reversed' pH gradient with a constitutively increased intracellular pH that is higher than the extracellular pH. This gradient enables cancer progression by promoting proliferation, the evasion of apoptosis, metabolic adaptation, migration and invasion. Several new advances, including an increased understanding of pH sensors, have provided insight into the molecular basis for pH-dependent cell behaviours that are relevant to cancer cell biology. We highlight the central role of pH sensors in cancer cell adaptations and suggest how dysregulated pH could be exploited to develop cancer-specific therapeutics.
尽管癌症是一组多样化的疾病，但癌细胞具有许多适应性特征。细胞内 pH 值持续升高，且高于细胞外 pH 值，使癌细胞呈现出一种“反向”的 pH 梯度，这种 pH 失调正逐渐成为癌症的一个特征。这种梯度通过促进增殖、逃避细胞凋亡、代谢适应、迁移和侵袭来促进癌症的进展。包括对 pH 传感器的理解的增加等一些新进展，为 pH 依赖性细胞行为的分子基础提供了深入了解，这些行为与癌细胞生物学相关。我们强调 pH 传感器在癌细胞适应中的核心作用，并提出如何利用失调的 pH 值来开发针对癌症的特异性治疗方法。
