Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK.
Cell Adh Migr. 2011 Jul-Aug;5(4):366-72. doi: 10.4161/cam.5.4.17524. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
Metastasis is the most deadly phase of cancer progression, during which cells detach from their original niche to invade distant tissues, yet the biological processes underlying the spread of cancer are still poorly understood. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster provides important insights in our understanding of how epithelial cells migrate from their original location and find their way into surrounding and distant tissues in the metastatic process. Here we review recent studies on the mechanisms of migration of embryonic haemocytes, the macrophage-like immuno-surveillance cells, during normal development and wound healing. We highlight the interesting finding that hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) has been identified as the driving force for haemocyte chemotaxis. We also give a special emphasis to studies suggesting the concept that haemocytes, together with the tumor microenvironment, act as potential inducers of the epithelial de-lamination required for tumor invasion. We propose that cell delamination and migration could be uncoupled from loss of cell polarity via a tumor-related inflammatory response.
转移是癌症进展最致命的阶段,在此期间,细胞从其原始位置脱离并侵入远处组织,但癌症传播的生物学过程仍知之甚少。黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)为我们理解上皮细胞如何在转移过程中从其原始位置迁移并找到进入周围和远处组织的途径提供了重要的见解。在这里,我们回顾了最近关于胚胎血细胞(巨噬细胞样免疫监视细胞)在正常发育和伤口愈合过程中迁移机制的研究。我们强调了一个有趣的发现,即过氧化氢(H₂O₂)已被确定为血细胞趋化性的驱动力。我们还特别强调了一些研究表明,血细胞与肿瘤微环境一起,可能是肿瘤侵袭所需的上皮细胞分层的潜在诱导剂。我们提出,通过与肿瘤相关的炎症反应,细胞分层和迁移可以与细胞极性的丧失解耦。