Office of Medical Education and Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
J Gen Intern Med. 2011 Dec;26(12):1434-40. doi: 10.1007/s11606-011-1811-9. Epub 2011 Aug 12.
Based upon student ratings of such factors as predictable work hours and personal time, medical specialties have been identified as lifestyle friendly, intermediate, or unfriendly. Lifestyle friendly programs may be more desirable, more competitive, and for students elected to the Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) Honor Medical Society, more attainable.
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether AOA students increasingly entered lifestyle friendly residency programs and whether trends in program selection differed between AOA and non-AOA graduates.
This retrospective cohort study examined PGY-2 data from the Association of American Medical Colleges and the 12 allopathic schools in the Associated Medical Schools of New York.
Data on 1987-2006 graduates from participating schools were evaluated.
Residency program selection over the 20-year period served as the main outcome measure.
AOA graduates increasingly entered lifestyle-friendly residencies--from 12.9% in 1987 to 32.6% in 2006 (p < 0.01). There was also a significant decrease in AOA graduates entering lifestyle unfriendly residencies, from 31.6% in 1987 to 12.6% in 2006 (p < 0.01). Selection of lifestyle intermediate residencies among AOA graduates remained fairly stable at an average of 53%. Similar trends were found among non-AOA students. However, within these categories, AOA graduates increasingly selected radiology, dermatology, plastic surgery and orthopedics while non-AOA graduates increasingly selected anesthesiology and neurology.
While lifestyle factors appear to influence residency program selection, AOA graduates differentially were more likely to either choose or attain certain competitive, lifestyle-friendly specialties. Health care reform should be targeted to improve lifestyle and decrease income disparities for specialties needed to meet health manpower needs.
根据学生对可预测工作时间和个人时间等因素的评价，医学专业被认为是生活方式友好型、中等型或不友好型。生活方式友好型项目可能更受欢迎、更具竞争力，对于被选入阿尔法欧米茄阿尔法（AOA）荣誉医学协会的学生来说，也更容易获得。
本研究旨在评估 AOA 学生是否越来越多地进入生活方式友好型住院医师培训计划，以及 AOA 和非 AOA 毕业生在计划选择方面的趋势是否存在差异。
这是一项回顾性队列研究，检查了美国医学协会和纽约 12 所联合医学院的 1987-2006 年毕业生的 PGY-2 数据。
评估了来自参与学校的 1987-2006 年毕业生的数据。
20 年来的住院医师培训计划选择作为主要结果测量指标。
AOA 毕业生越来越多地进入生活方式友好型住院医师培训计划——从 1987 年的 12.9%增加到 2006 年的 32.6%（p<0.01）。AOA 毕业生进入生活方式不友好型住院医师培训计划的人数也显著减少，从 1987 年的 31.6%减少到 2006 年的 12.6%（p<0.01）。AOA 毕业生选择生活方式中等型住院医师培训计划的比例保持相对稳定，平均为 53%。非 AOA 学生也出现了类似的趋势。然而，在这些类别中，AOA 毕业生越来越倾向于选择放射科、皮肤科、整形外科和骨科，而非 AOA 毕业生则越来越倾向于选择麻醉科和神经科。
虽然生活方式因素似乎影响住院医师培训计划的选择，但 AOA 毕业生更有可能选择或获得某些有竞争力的、生活方式友好型专业。医疗改革应针对改善生活方式和减少满足卫生人力需求所需专业的收入差距。
