Department of Reproductive Medicine and Child Development, Division of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Maturitas. 2011 Oct;70(2):169-75. doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.07.004. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
Endothelial dysfunction frequently ensues during the climacteric due to hormonal and metabolic changes. Non-pharmacological interventions such as lifestyle and dietary modifications are emerging as valuable strategies to counteract the cardiovascular consequences of ageing. A number of chemical components of wine, including alcohol and some polyphenols, are known to be active on the vessels. However, the molecular mechanisms through which they modulate endothelial function are largely unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of non-alcoholic wine fractions from five different wines on the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) via the expression and enzymatic activation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in human endothelial cells. All non-alcoholic fractions studied increased NO synthesis, although with different potencies. All wine extracts maximally enhanced NO production at doses in the range achieved with a moderate wine intake, with decreasing effects with further increases of the dose. Interestingly, a part of these actions was recruited via estrogen receptors (ERs). Within the polyphenols with known binding activity for ERs contained in the tested wines, resveratrol, epicatechin, syringic acid, apigenin, malvidin and ellagic acid were largely responsible for eNOS activation. These findings show that some of the non-alcoholic components of wine enhance the production of NO by the vessels acting on ERs, and suggest that a moderate intake of wine may benefit the cardiovascular system through estrogen-like effects.
由于激素和代谢变化，围绝经期常伴有血管内皮功能障碍。非药物干预，如生活方式和饮食改变，正成为对抗衰老对心血管影响的有价值策略。葡萄酒中的一些化学物质，包括酒精和一些多酚，已知对血管有活性。然而，它们调节内皮功能的分子机制在很大程度上尚不清楚。本研究旨在研究五种不同葡萄酒的非酒精葡萄酒馏分通过表达和酶激活内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）对人内皮细胞一氧化氮（NO）合成的影响。所有研究的非酒精馏分都增加了 NO 的合成，尽管效力不同。所有葡萄酒提取物在中等剂量摄入葡萄酒时最大程度地增加了 NO 的产生，随着剂量的进一步增加，效果降低。有趣的是，这些作用的一部分是通过雌激素受体（ER）募集的。在测试葡萄酒中含有的已知与 ER 结合的多酚中，白藜芦醇、表儿茶素、丁香酸、芹菜素、矢车菊素和鞣花酸在很大程度上负责 eNOS 的激活。这些发现表明，葡萄酒中的一些非酒精成分通过作用于 ER 来增强血管中 NO 的产生，并表明适量饮酒可能通过类雌激素作用有益于心血管系统。
