Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées, Hôpital Bégin, Saint Mandé, France.
J Infect. 2011 Nov;63(5):370-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.08.003. Epub 2011 Aug 9.
Aim of this study was to describe the main characteristics of food-borne disease outbreaks (FBDOs) in the French armed forces from 1999 to 2009.
FBDOs are reported to the military epidemiological surveillance system, which concerns all active military personnel. Investigation reports published from 1999 to 2009 were reviewed.
Among the 180 FBDOs reported, 48.3% occurred overseas. The mean reporting rate was 2.4 outbreaks p.100,000 in France and 26.7 p.100,000 overseas, reaching to 39.3 p.100,000 in Africa. Digestive symptoms were predominant among cases. Laboratory analyses on cases were positive in 29.4% of FBDOs. The most frequently isolated agents were shigella (15.4%). Laboratory analyses on food samples were positive in 18.9% of outbreaks, the most frequently isolated agent being Clostridium perfringens (15.7%). Only 7 FBDOs were documented by concordant analyses in both patients and food samples.
The reporting rate was much higher among military deployed overseas, which can be the consequence of a lack of hygiene due to operational imperatives and the consumption of local food which does not meet safety standards. In operational settings, laboratory evidence may be difficult to obtain and a timely epidemiological investigation in some cases proves valuable to identify the likely vehicle of infection and to guide targeted intervention measures.
本研究旨在描述 1999 年至 2009 年法国武装部队食源性疾病暴发（FBDO）的主要特征。
FBDO 向军事流行病学监测系统报告，该系统涉及所有现役军人。对 1999 年至 2009 年公布的调查报告进行了回顾。
报告的 180 起 FBDO 中，48.3%发生在海外。法国的报告率平均为每 10 万人 2.4 起，海外为 26.7 起，达到非洲的 39.3 起。病例主要表现为消化症状。29.4%的 FBDO 对病例进行了实验室分析，呈阳性。最常分离的病原体是志贺氏菌（15.4%）。对食品样本的实验室分析在 18.9%的暴发中呈阳性，最常分离的病原体是产气荚膜梭菌（15.7%）。只有 7 起 FBDO 在患者和食物样本的一致性分析中有记录。
部署在海外的军人报告率要高得多，这可能是由于行动需要和食用不符合安全标准的当地食品导致卫生条件较差的结果。在行动环境中，实验室证据可能难以获得，在某些情况下及时进行流行病学调查对于确定可能的感染媒介和指导有针对性的干预措施非常有价值。
