School of Education and Social Policy and the Cells to Society Center, Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Biol Psychol. 2011 Dec;88(2-3):170-3. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.07.007. Epub 2011 Aug 12.
Salivary alpha amylase (sAA) has been proposed as a marker of autonomic nervous system activity. Few studies have examined sAA basal activity and reactivity in naturalistic settings, or developmental changes in sAA. In 50 adolescents, diary-reported moods and sAA levels were gathered across two typical weekdays. As in adults, basal sAA levels were low at waking and increased across the day. More advanced pubertal development was associated with higher waking sAA levels; males had smaller sAA increases across the day. High arousal positive emotions (feeling strong, active, excited) were associated with acute sAA increases; high arousal negative emotions (angry, stressed, nervous, worried) predicted sAA increases among youth with high average levels of these emotions. Findings suggest that basal sAA levels increase with puberty, and that acute sAA increases may reflect levels of emotional arousal, including high arousal positive emotions, rather than being specific to stress or emotions of negative valence.
唾液 α-淀粉酶（sAA）已被提议作为自主神经系统活动的标志物。很少有研究在自然环境中检查 sAA 的基础活性和反应性，或 sAA 的发育变化。在 50 名青少年中，通过日记报告了两天的情绪和 sAA 水平。与成年人一样，基础 sAA 水平在醒来时较低，并在一天中逐渐升高。更先进的青春期发育与较高的觉醒 sAA 水平相关；男性在一天中的 sAA 增加幅度较小。高唤醒积极情绪（感觉强烈、活跃、兴奋）与急性 sAA 增加有关；高唤醒负性情绪（愤怒、紧张、紧张、担忧）预测了具有这些情绪的高平均水平的年轻人的 sAA 增加。研究结果表明，基础 sAA 水平随青春期而增加，急性 sAA 增加可能反映了情绪唤醒水平，包括高唤醒积极情绪，而不是特定于压力或负性情绪。
