Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetics, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2011 Jul-Aug;26(4):707-17.
To describe the use of a computer-aided three-dimensional planning protocol in combination with previously placed reference elements and computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology to restore the partially edentulous patient.
Mini-implants and/or reference brackets were inserted or positioned in specified locations in a test cast and in two patients prior to imaging to act as definitive fiducial markers. This served as a fixed base to better define a setup for the fabrication of a surgical template used during computed tomographic imaging. A simulated partially edentulous maxilla was used for the study, and two partially edentulous patients participated. With the CT images, a CAD/CAM superstructure was created prior to surgery and inserted immediately after surgery. Fit of the prosthesis was assessed using three-dimensional tension measurements with strain gauges.
Mean misfit for all implants in the x-, y-, and z-axes was 26.6, 24.8, and 10.4 μm, respectively. The total misfit calculated according to the Pythagorean theorem was 42.6 μm.
Based upon this pilot study in two patients and an in vitro analysis, it appears that the use of reproducible fiducial markers consisting of mini-implants and reference brackets results in the fabrication of an acceptably accurately fitting definitive prosthesis prior to implant placement.
描述一种计算机辅助三维规划方案，结合先前放置的参考元素和计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造（CAD/CAM）技术，用于修复部分无牙颌患者。
在成像前，将迷你种植体和/或参考托架插入或定位到测试模型和两名患者的指定位置，作为明确的基准标记。这作为一个固定的基础，以更好地定义制造用于计算机断层扫描成像的手术模板的设置。使用模拟的部分无牙上颌进行研究，两名部分无牙患者参与。使用 CT 图像，在手术前创建 CAD/CAM 上部结构，并在手术后立即插入。使用应变计进行三维张力测量评估修复体的拟合度。
所有种植体在 x、y 和 z 轴上的平均失配分别为 26.6、24.8 和 10.4μm。根据勾股定理计算的总失配为 42.6μm。
基于两名患者的这项初步研究和体外分析，似乎使用由迷你种植体和参考托架组成的可重复使用的基准标记可以在植入物放置之前制造出可接受的准确拟合的最终修复体。
