Tennyson Christina A, Semrad Carol E
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 180 Fort Washington Avenue, Room 936, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2011 Oct;13(5):408-17. doi: 10.1007/s11894-011-0221-9.
The small intestine has been difficult to examine by traditional endoscopic and radiologic techniques. Within the past 10 years, advances have led to an explosion of technologies that facilitate examination of the entire small intestine. Wireless video capsule endoscopy, deep enteroscopy using balloon-assisted or spiral techniques, computer tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) enterography have facilitated the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of patients with small intestinal diseases. These technologies are complementary, each with its advantages and limitations. Capsule endoscopy provides a detailed view of the mucosal surface and has excellent patient acceptance, but does not allow therapeutics. Deep enteroscopy allows careful inspection of the mucosa and therapeutics, but is time consuming and invasive. Enterography (CT or MR) allows examination of the small bowel wall and surrounding structures. The initial best test for detecting small intestinal disease depends on clinical presentation and an astute differential diagnosis.
传统的内镜检查和放射学技术很难对小肠进行检查。在过去10年里，技术进步催生了大量有助于检查整个小肠的技术。无线视频胶囊内镜、使用气囊辅助或螺旋技术的深度小肠镜检查、计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振（MR）小肠造影，都有助于小肠疾病患者的诊断、监测和治疗。这些技术相辅相成，各有优缺点。胶囊内镜能提供黏膜表面的详细图像，患者接受度高，但无法进行治疗。深度小肠镜可仔细检查黏膜并进行治疗，但耗时且具有侵入性。小肠造影（CT或MR）可检查小肠壁及周围结构。检测小肠疾病的首选最佳检查取决于临床表现和敏锐的鉴别诊断。
