Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Neurowissenschaften, SFB488 Junior Group, Universität Heidelberg, and Institut für Neuroanatomie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 345, Heidelberg, Germany.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2011;102:47-100. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-415795-8.00004-0.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of small noncoding RNAs that control posttranscriptional gene expression. miRNAs are highly expressed in neurons where they play key roles during neuronal differentiation, synaptogenesis, and plasticity. It is also becoming increasingly evident that miRNAs have a profound impact on higher cognitive functions and are involved in the etiology of several neurological diseases and disorders. In this chapter, we summarize our current knowledge of miRNA functions during neuronal development, physiology, and dysfunction.
微小 RNA（miRNAs）是一大类小的非编码 RNA，可调控转录后的基因表达。miRNAs 在神经元中高度表达，在神经元分化、突触形成和可塑性中发挥关键作用。越来越明显的是，miRNAs 对高级认知功能有深远的影响，并参与几种神经疾病和障碍的病因。在这一章中，我们总结了我们目前对 miRNA 在神经元发育、生理和功能障碍过程中的功能的了解。
