Ross Julie M, Zutter Cynthia
Arctic Anthropol. 2007;44(1):62-86. doi: 10.1353/arc.2011.0089.
The popular view of the Norse settlement across the North Atlantic describes colonies with similar subsistence practices being established from the Faroe Islands in the west to L'Anse aux Meadows in the east. The importance of plant resources to the Norse animal husbandry strategies implemented by settlers upon arrival are not well established, nor are the changes these strategies underwent, eventually resulting in different cultural solutions to varying environmental and social factors. This paper compares archaeobotanical samples from two Icelandic archaeological sites, Svalbarð and Gjögur, and one Greenlandic site, Gården Under Sandet (GUS). Results of this comparison suggest that heathland shrubs were an important fodder resource for caprines in both Iceland and Greenland while apophytes ("weedy taxa") were part of the cattle fodder in Greenland. Further, the results indicate that mucking out of cattle barns to provide fertilizer was likely practiced at the GUS site in the Western Norse settlement of Greenland.
关于北欧人在北大西洋地区定居的普遍观点认为，从西部的法罗群岛到东部的兰塞奥兹牧草地，建立起了具有相似生存方式的殖民地。植物资源对定居者抵达后实施的北欧畜牧业策略的重要性尚未明确，这些策略所经历的变化也不明确，最终导致针对不同环境和社会因素出现了不同的文化解决方案。本文比较了来自冰岛两个考古遗址斯瓦尔巴德和格约古尔以及格陵兰一个遗址桑德特之下的花园（GUS）的考古植物样本。比较结果表明，石南灌木丛在冰岛和格陵兰都是山羊的重要饲料资源，而杂草类植物在格陵兰是牛饲料的一部分。此外，结果表明，在格陵兰西部北欧人定居点的GUS遗址，可能存在清理牛棚以提供肥料的做法。
