Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA.
Stress. 2011 Sep;14(5):475-80. doi: 10.3109/10253890.2011.604879.
Stress is a known precipitant for metabolic and neurological diseases, with sensitive periods identified across the developmental continuum from conception to old age. However, the effects of stress may vary depending on the point or points along the developmental trajectory when adversity strikes. Past research has emphasized the consequences of stress on fully developed physiological systems in the brain and periphery, but more recent studies have explored the impact of stress on systems at different stages of maturation, with differential effects being revealed. This review provides an overview of the diverse effects of stress at critical developmental stages and the potential outcomes that may be associated with experiencing environmental adversity during ontogeny.
压力是已知的代谢和神经疾病的诱发因素，从受孕到老年，在整个发育过程中都存在敏感时期。然而，压力的影响可能因逆境发生的发育轨迹上的点或点而异。过去的研究强调了压力对大脑和外围完全发育的生理系统的影响，但最近的研究探讨了压力对不同成熟阶段的系统的影响，揭示了不同的影响。这篇综述概述了压力在关键发育阶段的多种影响，以及在个体发育过程中经历环境逆境可能与之相关的潜在后果。
