Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort cedex, France.
J Vet Intern Med. 2011 Sep-Oct;25(5):1025-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0771.x. Epub 2011 Aug 16.
Feline systemic arterial hypertension (SHT) is associated with a wide spectrum of left ventricular (LV) geometric patterns as well as diastolic, and to a lesser extent, systolic myocardial dysfunction. However, little is known about SHT-related cardiac changes in dogs.
SHT in dogs is responsible for morphological and functional cardiac alterations.
Thirty dogs with spontaneous untreated SHT and 28 age- and body weight-matched healthy dogs as controls.
Prospective observational study. Conventional echocardiography and 2-dimensional color tissue Doppler imaging were performed in SHT dogs by trained observers and compared with controls.
Forty-seven percent of SHT dogs (14/30) had diffuse concentric hypertrophy. None had left atrial dilatation and 10/30 (33%) had aortic insufficiency (AoI) associated with proximal aortic dilatation. Longitudinal diastolic left ventricular free wall (LVFW) motion was altered in all SHT dogs at the base (early to late diastolic wave ratio, E/A = 0.5 ± 0.1 versus 1.3 ± 0.3 for controls, P < .0001) and the apex (E/A = 1.6 ± 1.7 versus 3.9 ± 3.1, P < .05). Longitudinal motion of the interventricular septum at the base (E/A = 0.7 ± 0.4 versus 1.1 ± 0.1, P < .01) and radial LVFW motion in the subendocardium (E/A = 0.9 ± 0.5 versus 1.6 ± 0.3, P < .01) were also altered in dogs with SHT. Longitudinal LVFW systolic velocities and gradients were also significantly decreased (P < .05) in SHT dogs.
As in SHT in cats, SHT in dogs is associated with myocardial dysfunction independently of the presence of myocardial hypertrophy. However, unlike feline SHT, it results in a homogeneous LV geometric pattern with a relatively high prevalence of AoI.
猫的系统性动脉高血压（SHT）与广泛的左心室（LV）几何形态以及舒张期，在较小程度上还有收缩期心肌功能障碍有关。然而，关于犬的 SHT 相关心脏变化知之甚少。
犬的 SHT 导致形态和功能的心脏改变。
30 只患有自发性未经治疗的 SHT 的犬和 28 只年龄和体重匹配的健康犬作为对照。
前瞻性观察性研究。由经过培训的观察者对 SHT 犬进行常规超声心动图和二维彩色组织多普勒成像，并与对照组进行比较。
47%的 SHT 犬（14/30）有弥漫性向心性肥厚。没有左心房扩张，10/30（33%）有主动脉瓣关闭不全（AoI）并伴有近端主动脉扩张。所有 SHT 犬的左心室游离壁（LVFW）的纵向舒张期运动在基底段（早期到晚期舒张波比值，E/A=0.5±0.1 与对照组的 1.3±0.3，P<0.0001）和心尖段（E/A=1.6±1.7 与 3.9±3.1，P<0.05）均发生改变。室间隔在基底段的纵向运动（E/A=0.7±0.4 与 1.1±0.1，P<0.01）和心外膜下 LVFW 的径向运动（E/A=0.9±0.5 与 1.6±0.3，P<0.01）也发生改变。SHT 犬的纵向 LVFW 收缩速度和梯度也显著降低（P<0.05）。
与猫的 SHT 一样，犬的 SHT 与心肌功能障碍有关，与心肌肥厚无关。然而，与猫的 SHT 不同，它导致 LV 几何形态均匀，AoI 的发生率相对较高。
