Snyder Lori Anderson, Krauss Autumn D, Chen Peter Y, Finlinson Scott, Huang Yueng-Hsiang
University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
Work. 2011;40(1):99-111. doi: 10.3233/WOR-2011-1210.
Occupational stress models suggest that the ability to understand, predict, and control stressful events minimizes their impact. This study examines the applicability of the stress antidote theory to the safety environment. Newly developed measures assess understanding why and how unsafe events occur, predicting the occurrence of unsafe events, and controlling unsafe events, and how these constructs relate to safety performance at work. In addition, the role of supervisor safety support is explored.
424 employees in the Facilities department at a large university.
Measures were developed based on existing literature and focus groups, and participants completed a survey about their safety experiences at work.
Analyses conducted using structural equation modeling indicate that safety understanding, safety prediction, and safety control are related but distinct variables. Safety understanding affects safety performance through safety control, while supervisor support for safety affects safety performance both directly and indirectly through control.
Lack of understanding of safety or inability to predict dangerous outcomes may be necessary but not sufficient to explain unsafe workplace behaviors. Employees' safety behaviors may be more directly influenced by the extent to which they have the power to control safety in their work environment.
职业压力模型表明，理解、预测和控制压力事件的能力可将其影响降至最低。本研究考察压力应对理论在安全环境中的适用性。新开发的测量方法评估对不安全事件为何以及如何发生的理解、对不安全事件发生的预测和对不安全事件的控制，以及这些构念与工作中的安全绩效之间的关系。此外，还探讨了主管安全支持的作用。
一所大型大学设施部门的424名员工。
基于现有文献和焦点小组开发测量方法，参与者完成了一项关于其工作安全经历的调查。
使用结构方程模型进行的分析表明，安全理解、安全预测和安全控制是相关但不同的变量。安全理解通过安全控制影响安全绩效，而主管对安全的支持则通过控制直接和间接地影响安全绩效。
对安全缺乏理解或无法预测危险后果可能是解释不安全工作场所行为的必要但不充分条件。员工的安全行为可能更直接地受到他们在工作环境中控制安全的能力的影响。
