助产士、护士和医生的与工作相关的上象限肌肉骨骼疾病：风险因素和功能后果的系统评价。
Work-related upper quadrant musculoskeletal disorders in midwives, nurses and physicians: A systematic review of risk factors and functional consequences.
机构信息
The University of Queensland, School of Nursing and Midwifery, 125A Russell Tce, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia.
出版信息
Appl Ergon. 2012 May;43(3):455-67. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2011.07.002.
BACKGROUND
Given a worldwide shortage of primary health care workers predicted to worsen, it is vital to address sources of attrition among these professionals. One such source may be work-related musculoskeletal disorders. We aimed to identify risk factors for and functional consequences of work-related upper quadrant musculoskeletal disorders in midwives, nurses and physicians.
METHODS
Eighteen of 87 studies identified from an electronic database search met the inclusion and quality criteria.
RESULTS
Job demands, demanding work schedules and physical exposures have the strongest associations with work-related upper quadrant musculoskeletal disorders. Functional consequences included widespread use of prescription and over-the-counter medications and major negative impact on activities of daily living. No studies of midwives were located.
CONCLUSION
High-quality studies of midwives as well as better-designed prospective studies of nurses and physicians are needed. Results of such studies could inform preventive strategies and reduce the contribution of work-related musculoskeletal disorders to attrition.
背景
鉴于全球初级卫生保健工作者预计将进一步短缺，解决这些专业人员流失的原因至关重要。其中一个原因可能是与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病。我们旨在确定助产士、护士和医生与工作相关的上肢肌肉骨骼疾病的危险因素和功能后果。
方法
从电子数据库搜索中确定的 87 项研究中有 18 项符合纳入和质量标准。
结果
工作需求、苛刻的工作时间表和身体暴露与与工作相关的上肢肌肉骨骼疾病有最强的关联。功能后果包括广泛使用处方和非处方药物，以及对日常生活活动的重大负面影响。没有找到关于助产士的研究。
结论
需要对助产士进行高质量的研究，以及对护士和医生进行更好设计的前瞻性研究。这些研究的结果可以为预防策略提供信息，并减少与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病对人员流失的贡献。
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