Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2012 Apr;102(4):714-22. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300161. Epub 2011 Dec 1.
We evaluated the relationship between secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure and blood lead levels in US children and adolescents.
We analyzed data from 6830 participants aged 3-19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2004) who were not active smokers and for whom SHS exposure information and blood lead measurements were available.
After multivariable adjustment, participants in the highest quartile of serum cotinine (≥ 0.44 μg/L) had 28% (95% confidence interval = 21%, 36%) higher blood lead levels than had those in the lowest quartile (< 0.03 μg/L). Similarly, blood lead levels were 14% and 24% higher in children who lived with 1 or with 2 or more smokers, respectively, than they were in children living with no smokers. Among participants for whom lead dust information was available, the associations between SHS and blood lead levels were similar before and after adjustment for lead dust concentrations.
SHS may contribute to increased blood lead levels in US children. Lead dust does not appear to mediate this association, suggesting inhalation as a major pathway of exposure. Eliminating SHS exposure could reduce lead exposure in children.
我们评估了美国儿童和青少年二手烟（SHS）暴露与血铅水平之间的关系。
我们分析了国家健康和营养调查（1999-2004 年）中 6830 名年龄在 3-19 岁之间的非主动吸烟者的数据，这些参与者有 SHS 暴露信息和血铅测量值。
经过多变量调整后，血清可替宁最高四分位组（≥0.44μg/L）的参与者血铅水平比最低四分位组（<0.03μg/L）高 28%（95%置信区间为 21%，36%）。同样，与不吸烟的儿童相比，与 1 名或 2 名或更多吸烟者同住的儿童的血铅水平分别高出 14%和 24%。在有铅尘信息的参与者中，在调整铅尘浓度后，SHS 与血铅水平之间的关联仍然相似。
SHS 可能导致美国儿童血铅水平升高。铅尘似乎没有介导这种关联，表明吸入是主要的暴露途径。消除 SHS 暴露可能会降低儿童的铅暴露。
