Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Epilepsy Behav. 2011 Oct;22(2):144-53. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.07.003.
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are highly prevalent in selected populations, with a strong impact in terms of morbidity and social cost. The gold standard for PNES diagnosis is video/EEG recording of a typical attack. However this technique is costly and not always available. In addition, many patients are treated with antiepileptic drugs for several years before undergoing video/EEG recording. The diagnosis is further complicated by concomitant epileptic seizures in some patients with PNES. Therefore, a good knowledge of PNES semiology is important for early screening of patients for video/EEG recording and for correct interpretation of the examination. We reviewed the literature on video/EEG studies reporting ictal PNES semiology to identify features indicative of psychogenic or epileptic seizures. Several features appeared to be useful in the clinical setting.
心因性非癫痫性发作（PNES）在某些特定人群中非常普遍，其发病率和社会成本都很高。PNES 诊断的金标准是对典型发作进行视频/EEG 记录。然而，这种技术成本高昂，并非总是可用。此外，许多患者在接受视频/EEG 记录之前，已经接受了多年的抗癫痫药物治疗。在一些患有 PNES 的患者中，同时存在癫痫发作，这使得诊断更加复杂。因此，对 PNES 症状学的充分了解对于对患者进行视频/EEG 记录的早期筛查以及对检查结果的正确解读非常重要。我们回顾了有关报告发作性 PNES 症状学的视频/EEG 研究的文献，以确定提示心因性或癫痫发作的特征。一些特征在临床环境中似乎很有用。
