In vivo studies on paracrine actions of pituitary angiotensin II in stimulating prolactin release in rats.

The present experiments were performed to test the hypothesis that, in vivo, intrapituitary angiotensin II (ANG II) mediates the effect of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) on prolactin release. After intravenous administration of LHRH (100 ng/100 microliters saline), plasma levels of both luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin were increased in ovariectomized rats pretreated with estradiol and progesterone. Intravenous administration of saralasin or sarthran (ANG II receptor blockers) reduced or abolished, respectively, the LHRH-induced increase in prolactin without affecting the rise in LH. In other ovariectomized steroid-treated rats, saralasin did not affect the increase in LH or prolactin induced by 10 min of restraint stress. Finally, in intact female rats on the day of proestrus, neither saralasin nor sarthran affected the mid-cycle prolactin surge. Taken together, these results show that in vivo exogenous LHRH stimulates prolactin release via a paracrine action of pituitary ANG II. However, under other conditions in which both LH and prolactin (and presumably endogenous LHRH) are elevated, pituitary ANG II does not appear to be involved in the prolactin rise.