Chauhan Sandeep, Subin S
Department of Cardiac Anesthesia, C. N. C., All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Ann Card Anaesth. 2011 Sep-Dec;14(3):218-29. doi: 10.4103/0971-9784.84030.
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an adaptation of conventional cardiopulmonary bypass techniques to provide cardiopulmonary support. ECMO provides physiologic cardiopulmonary support to aid reversible aspects of the disease process and to allow recovery. ECMO does not provide treatment of the underlying disease. The indications for ECMO support have expanded from acute respiratory failure to acute cardiac failure refractory to conventional treatments from wide patient subsets involving neonates to adults. Vascular access for ECMO support is either percutaneous through a single-site, dual-lumen bicaval cannula or transthoracic via separate cannulas. The modes of support are either veno-venous or veno-arterial ECMO. In this article, the physiologic aspects of ECMO support are outlined.
体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）是对传统心肺转流技术的一种改良，用于提供心肺支持。ECMO提供生理性心肺支持，以辅助疾病过程中可逆的方面并促进恢复。ECMO并不治疗潜在疾病。ECMO支持的适应证已从急性呼吸衰竭扩展到常规治疗无效的急性心力衰竭，涉及从新生儿到成人的广泛患者群体。ECMO支持的血管通路可以通过经皮单部位双腔双腔静脉插管，也可以通过经胸分别插管。支持模式为静脉-静脉或静脉-动脉ECMO。本文概述了ECMO支持的生理方面。
