Division of Human Nutrition, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Nutr J. 2011 Aug 23;10:87. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-10-87.
Heavy alcohol consumption during adolescence has many known harmful health and social consequences and is strongly associated with numerous health risk behaviours. The consequences of heavy alcohol use during adolescence on nutritional status, specifically growth and weight status are largely unknown at this time.
Substance use, anthropometric indices of growth and weight, dietary energy intake and physical activity in heavy drinking adolescents (meeting DSM-IV criteria for alcohol use disorders) and matched light/non-drinking control adolescents were assessed.
Lifetime alcohol dose, measured in standard drinks of alcohol, was orders of magnitude higher in adolescents with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) compared to controls. The AUDs group was selected to represent relatively 'pure' AUDs, with minimal other drug use and no psychiatric diagnoses. The growth and weight status of adolescents with AUDs were generally comparable to that of controls, and is in line with the growth and weight status of the South African adolescent population. A greater proportion of overweight/obese females was found in both groups, with this percentage tending to be greater, although not significantly so, in the AUDs group. Adolescent females with AUDs had increased odds of being overweight/obese compared to controls, after adjustment for smoking, physical activity and energy intake.
Anthropometric indices of growth and weight status of participants in the Control and AUD groups were generally comparable. Female adolescents with AUDs may have an increased risk of being overweight/obese compared to adolescent females without AUDs. The presence of an AUD in our adolescent sample was associated with higher energy intake. Longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate the effects of heavy alcohol use on energy balance, growth and weight status in adolescents as they age. Nonetheless, the current study contributes to our understanding of the impacts of heavy alcohol consumption on important aspects of adolescent development.
青少年时期大量饮酒会对健康和社交产生诸多已知的不良影响，并且与许多健康风险行为密切相关。目前，青少年时期大量饮酒对营养状况（特别是生长和体重状况）的影响还知之甚少。
评估了重度饮酒青少年（符合 DSM-IV 酒精使用障碍标准）和匹配的轻度/非饮酒对照组青少年的物质使用、生长和体重的人体测量指标、膳食能量摄入和身体活动。
终生酒精剂量以标准饮酒量衡量，在患有酒精使用障碍的青少年（AUDs）中比对照组高出几个数量级。AUDs 组被选中代表相对“纯粹”的 AUDs，药物使用和精神疾病诊断很少。AUDs 组青少年的生长和体重状况通常与对照组相当，符合南非青少年人口的生长和体重状况。两组中都有更多的超重/肥胖女性，但在 AUDs 组中，这一比例更大，尽管没有显著差异。调整吸烟、身体活动和能量摄入后，患有 AUDs 的青少年女性超重/肥胖的几率高于对照组。
对照组和 AUDs 组参与者的生长和体重状况的人体测量指标总体上相当。与没有 AUDs 的青少年女性相比，患有 AUDs 的青少年女性可能有更高的超重/肥胖风险。在我们的青少年样本中，AUD 的存在与更高的能量摄入有关。需要进行纵向研究，以阐明随着青少年年龄的增长，大量饮酒对能量平衡、生长和体重状况的影响。尽管如此，本研究有助于我们了解大量饮酒对青少年发育重要方面的影响。
