Pasch Keryn E, Nelson Melissa C, Lytle Leslie A, Moe Stacey G, Perry Cheryl L
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2008 Oct;43(4):387-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.02.009. Epub 2008 May 12.
To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between weight status and measures of risk and protective factors in youth.
Participants included 3010 students (72.1% white, 27.9% nonwhite), with a baseline mean age of 12.7 years from the Teens Eating for Energy and Nutrition at School (TEENS) study. Surveys were administered in grades 7 and 8. Cross-sectional and longitudinal mixed-effects regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between body mass index z-score percentiles (BMI) and risk and protective factors (including substance use, depression, fighting, optimism, and spirituality).
Only depression was associated with BMI at the beginning of grade 7. However, by the end of grade 8, binge drinking, alcohol, tobacco, and other drug (ATOD) use, fighting, and depression were all cross-sectionally associated with BMI. Longitudinally, BMI in grade 7 did not predict risk and protective factors in grade 8. However, ATOD use, fighting, depression, and optimism in grade 7 predicted BMI in grade 8.
This study suggests there is a notable co-occurrence of unhealthy factors (including weight status, ATOD use, depression) which appears to develop during the critical transition period through early adolescence. Specifically, earlier ATOD use, depression, increased fighting, and decreased optimism may lead to unhealthy increases in weight status, whereas early indicators of increased weight status do not appear to predict increases in these factors. This work yields important insights into the causal mechanisms underlying adolescent behavior patterning and the progression with which these unhealthy risk factor profiles are adopted during this critical age.
研究青少年体重状况与风险及保护因素测量指标之间的横断面和纵向关联。
参与者包括3010名学生（72.1%为白人，27.9%为非白人），来自学校青少年能量与营养饮食（TEENS）研究，基线平均年龄为12.7岁。在7年级和8年级进行调查。进行横断面和纵向混合效应回归分析，以确定体重指数z评分百分位数（BMI）与风险及保护因素（包括物质使用、抑郁、打架、乐观和精神性）之间的关联。
仅在7年级开始时，抑郁与BMI相关。然而，到8年级末，暴饮、酒精、烟草和其他药物（ATOD）使用、打架和抑郁均与BMI存在横断面关联。纵向来看，7年级的BMI不能预测8年级的风险和保护因素。然而，7年级的ATOD使用、打架、抑郁和乐观能预测8年级的BMI。
本研究表明，不健康因素（包括体重状况、ATOD使用、抑郁）之间存在显著的共现情况，这似乎在从青春期早期开始的关键过渡阶段出现。具体而言，更早的ATOD使用、抑郁、打架增加和乐观度降低可能导致体重状况不健康地增加，而体重状况增加的早期指标似乎不能预测这些因素的增加。这项工作为青少年行为模式形成的因果机制以及在这个关键年龄段采用这些不健康风险因素特征的进展提供了重要见解。
