Filley E T, Khutoryansky Natalie, Dobias J J, Stine Wm Wren
Department of Psychology, Conant Hall, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
Seeing Perceiving. 2011;24(3):241-92. doi: 10.1163/187847511X580366.
When a rectangular wave grating is binocularly viewed with a neutral density filter over one eye, an illusory rotation resembling that of a partially opened Venetian blind is perceived (Cibis and Haber, 1951). Using a binary classification task, in the first experiment, the probability of perceiving a rotation in a given direction was measured as a function of a factorial combination of inter-ocular contrast (see Note 1) and luminance ratios. The probability of a rotation in a given direction decreased monotonically with the luminance of the brighter bars when the grating contains a less than unity contrast. This result is inconsistent with (i) the model of the Venetian blind effect proposed by Cibis and Haber (1951), (ii) a mechanism based on irradiation with a compressive non-linearity (von Helmholtz, 1911/1924, pp. 186-193) and (iii) contemporary stereo-energy/cross-correlation models of stereopsis. In the second and third experiments, we tested the prediction that irradiation combined with an early compressive non-linearity in response implies a positive relationship between both the threshold contrast or average luminance disparity to perceive rotation and the magnitude of perceived rotation, and the blur width at the bar's edge. No support was found for the prediction. We propose an intensity difference model of the probability of perceiving a rotation in a given direction as a function of the interocular difference in luminance or contrast.
当用一块中性密度滤光片遮住一只眼睛双目观察矩形波光栅时，会感觉到一种类似于部分打开的软百叶帘的虚幻旋转（西比斯和哈伯，1951年）。在第一个实验中，使用二元分类任务，测量了在给定方向上感知旋转的概率，该概率是眼间对比度（见注释1）和亮度比率的阶乘组合的函数。当光栅的对比度小于1时，在给定方向上旋转的概率会随着较亮条纹的亮度单调下降。这一结果与以下内容不一致：（i）西比斯和哈伯（1951年）提出的软百叶帘效应模型；（ii）基于具有压缩非线性的辐照的机制（冯·亥姆霍兹，1911/1924年，第186 - 193页）；以及（iii）当代立体视觉的立体能量/互相关模型。在第二个和第三个实验中，我们测试了以下预测：辐照与响应中的早期压缩非线性相结合意味着感知旋转的阈值对比度或平均亮度差异与感知旋转的幅度以及条纹边缘的模糊宽度之间存在正相关关系。该预测未得到支持。我们提出了一个强度差异模型，用于描述在给定方向上感知旋转的概率是亮度或对比度的眼间差异的函数。
