Kuntz E
Versicherungsmedizin. 1990 Apr 1;42(2):52-5.
Hepatic cirrhosis is regarded as the terminal stage of the most diverse chronic liver diseases. It is characterized by nodular restructuring of the hepatic parenchyma which is accompanied by scar formation and transformation of the vascular system. The originally diseased liver becomes increasingly less prominent in pathophysiological terms, whereas the consecutive portocaval collateral circulation becomes increasingly effective. This leads to the serious complications of cirrhosis and finally also to death. The diverse influences of the disturbed individual functions of the liver on the body characterize the clinical picture with its multifarious symptoms and great variations in the alterations of clinical test values. An exact diagnosis (in the form of an early diagnosis) and clarification of the respective etiopathogenesis are of crucial significance for prognosis and therapy. Meticulous instruction and monitoring of the cirrhosis patient is absolutely necessary in practice. In this way, and also by means of a program of prophylactic measures, complications can be largely avoided. Today, treatment of the liver cirrhosis constitutes specific polypragmasy. However, it has produced an appreciable improvement in the quality of life and the life expectancy.
肝硬化被视为多种慢性肝病的终末期。其特征是肝实质呈结节状重构，伴有瘢痕形成和血管系统改变。原本患病的肝脏在病理生理方面的表现越来越不明显，而随之形成的门体侧支循环则越来越有效。这导致了肝硬化的严重并发症，最终还会导致死亡。肝脏个体功能紊乱对身体的多种影响，表现为临床症状的多样以及临床检验值变化的巨大差异。准确诊断（早期诊断形式）并明确各自的病因发病机制对预后和治疗至关重要。在实践中，对肝硬化患者进行细致的指导和监测绝对必要。通过这种方式，以及借助一系列预防措施，并发症在很大程度上是可以避免的。如今，肝硬化的治疗构成了一种特殊的综合治疗。然而，它已在生活质量和预期寿命方面带来了显著改善。
