Uda Susumu, Mizobuchi Masahide, Akizawa Tadao
Contrib Nephrol. 2011;173:23-29. doi: 10.1159/000328941. Epub 2011 Aug 8.
Interactions of blood with hemodialysis membranes induce activation of blood factors that may cause adverse clinical outcomes in hemodialysis patients. The biocompatibility of a hemodialysis membrane is determined by the change in blood factors induced by blood interactions, and it is important that these interactions are mild and well tolerated by dialysis patients. Bioincompatible membranes that activate the complement system and accelerate cytokine production by monocytes may lead to chronic inflammation, dialysis-related amyloidosis, malnutrition, and atherosclerosis. Contact activation by a bioincompatible membrane may also induce an anaphylactoid reaction via bradykinin production. Thus, high-performance membranes should have both the high permeability to uremic substances shown by the glomerular basement membrane and the good biocompatibility of glomerular endothelial cells.
血液与血液透析膜的相互作用会引发血液因子的激活，这可能导致血液透析患者出现不良临床后果。血液透析膜的生物相容性由血液相互作用引起的血液因子变化所决定，重要的是这些相互作用较为轻微且透析患者能够良好耐受。激活补体系统并加速单核细胞产生细胞因子的生物不相容性膜可能会导致慢性炎症、透析相关淀粉样变性、营养不良和动脉粥样硬化。生物不相容性膜引起的接触激活还可能通过缓激肽的产生引发类过敏反应。因此，高性能膜应兼具肾小球基底膜所表现出的对尿毒症物质的高通透性以及肾小球内皮细胞的良好生物相容性。
